Yusupov's House - Recent changes [en-gb]

Jan-Tage Kristiansen

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	'''Jan-Tage Kristiansen''' (born 1971) is a Norwegian-Estonian philologist and independent researcher, based in Tallinn. He trained as a linguist at the University of Bergen, where his MA thesis examined positional constraints in runic epigraphy, before completing a doctorate at the University of Tartu in 2001 on graphemic variability in undeciphered scripts of the eastern Baltic region.		'''Jan-Tage Kristiansen''' (born 1971) is a Norwegian-Estonian philologist and independent researcher based in Tallinn. He trained as a linguist at the University of Bergen, where his MA thesis examined positional constraints in runic epigraphy, before completing a doctorate at the University of Tartu in 2001 on graphemic variability in undeciphered scripts of the eastern Baltic region.

	Kristiansen worked for several years as a cataloguer at the Estonian History Museum before leaving institutional employment to pursue independent research. He has described his working method as "palaeographic accountancy"~~—systematic~~ inventory of graphemic features before any interpretive commitment.		Kristiansen worked for several years as a cataloguer at the Estonian History Museum before leaving institutional employment to pursue independent research. He has described his working method as "palaeographic accountancy": systematic inventory of graphemic features before any interpretive commitment.

	==Work==		== Work ==
	Kristiansen's correspondence note "Twin renderings, single template: a ruled signary on a putative cervid scapula" (''language'' 27, October 2023: 1073–1074) introduced the alphanumeric coding system now used throughout the scholarly literature on the [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]] and related texts. The note described a short, four-line inscription on a scapula-shaped object, identified nine visually coherent sign families (labelled A through T, with P reserved for the divider), and provided a full positional frequency table. Kristiansen declined to propose a cultural attribution, noting that circulating images of the object appeared to derive from a single original drawing and that higher-resolution imaging was desirable before drawing further conclusions.		Kristiansen's correspondence note "Twin renderings, single template: a ruled signary on a putative cervid scapula" (''language'' 27, October 2023: 1073–1074) introduced the alphanumeric coding system now used throughout the scholarly literature on the [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]] and related texts. The note described a short, four-line inscription on a scapula-shaped object, identified nine visually coherent sign families (labelled A through T, with P reserved for the divider), and provided a full positional frequency table. Kristiansen declined to propose a cultural attribution, noting that circulating images of the object appeared to derive from a single original drawing and that higher-resolution imaging was desirable before drawing further conclusions.

	The coding system he ~~established—assigning~~ each sign a family letter and index number~~, such as~~ C01, B04, ~~or P01—was~~ subsequently adopted without modification by [[Ginevra Rubergskier]], [[Camille Voudrin]], [[Inrik Üksküla]], and ~~other contributors to the field~~, giving the note an influence disproportionate to its two-page length.		The coding system he established, in which each sign receives a family letter and index number (C01, B04, P01, and so on), was subsequently adopted without modification by [[Ginevra Rubergskier]], [[Camille Voudrin]], [[Inrik Üksküla]], and others, giving the note an influence disproportionate to its two-page length.

	Kristiansen has continued to maintain the signary as a stable reference document, issuing minor corrections to the preliminary frequency table following the appearance of higher-quality tracings in 2024. He has not published a full interpretive article of his own, describing his role as "keeping the inventory honest."		Kristiansen has continued to maintain the signary as a stable reference document, issuing minor corrections to the preliminary frequency table following the appearance of higher-quality tracings in 2024. He has not published a full interpretive article of his own, describing his role as "keeping the inventory honest."

	==Other interests==		== Other interests ==
	Outside the Kristiansen corpus, Kristiansen has published short notes on pre-Christian Baltic carved artefacts and on quantitative approaches to grapheme classification. He maintains a low profile ~~online~~ and rarely attends conferences in person.		Outside the Kristiansen corpus, Kristiansen has published short notes on pre-Christian Baltic carved artefacts and on quantitative approaches to grapheme classification. He maintains a low profile and rarely attends conferences in person.

	==See also==		== See also ==
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
	* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]		* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]

Ginevra Rubergskier

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:40:13 GMT

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	'''Ginevra Rubergskier''' (born 1985) is an Italian-Estonian computational linguist and cryptographer, affiliated with the Baltic Institute for Cryptography and Secure Computing (BICSC) in Tallinn, Estonia. She holds a doctorate from the University of Bologna (2012) on statistical methods for the analysis of unknown symbol systems, and subsequently worked at the European Centre for Linguistic Documentation in Vienna before joining BICSC in 2017.		'''Ginevra Rubergskier''' (born 1985) is an Italian-Estonian computational linguist and cryptographer affiliated with the Baltic Institute for Cryptography and Secure Computing (BICSC) in Tallinn, Estonia. She holds a doctorate from the University of Bologna (2012) on statistical methods for the analysis of unknown symbol systems, and subsequently worked at the European Centre for Linguistic Documentation in Vienna before joining BICSC in 2017.

	Her research focuses on distributional approaches to undeciphered texts, particularly the application of information-theoretic and machine-learning methods to corpora for which no external key exists. She has described her interest in the [[Kristiansen corpus]] as "the cleanest test case I have found for methods that should not depend on knowing what the symbols mean."		Her research focuses on distributional approaches to undeciphered texts, particularly the application of information-theoretic and machine-learning methods to corpora for which no external key exists. She has described her interest in the [[Kristiansen corpus]] as "the cleanest test case I have found for methods that should not depend on knowing what the symbols mean."

	==Work==		== Work ==
	Rubergskier's paper "A dozenal primer hidden in plain sight: decoding arithmetic from a corpus of tagged tokens" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 6, February 2024: 820–824) applied three quantitative methods to the text now known as the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]: positional bias tests, pointwise mutual information of adjacent sign pairs, and morphological productivity analysis of right-edge bundles. Working ~~entirely~~ without proposed phonetic values, the study identified a stereotyped medial spine consistent with an equals marker, a binary operator with high internal collocation, a simplex unit consistent with ONE, and a productive derivational suffix generating multiples of twelve. Converging complement ~~constructions—forms~~ consistent with 11+1, 10+2, and 6+6 all targeting the same derived ~~token—were~~ taken to diagnose twelve as the arithmetic base.		Rubergskier's paper "A dozenal primer hidden in plain sight: decoding arithmetic from a corpus of tagged tokens" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 6, February 2024: 820–824) applied three quantitative methods to the text now known as the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]: positional bias tests, pointwise mutual information of adjacent sign pairs, and morphological productivity analysis of right-edge bundles. Working without proposed phonetic values, the study identified a stereotyped medial spine consistent with an equals marker, a binary operator with high internal collocation, a simplex unit consistent with ONE, and a productive derivational suffix generating multiples of twelve. Converging complement constructions, including forms consistent with 11+1, 10+2, and 6+6 all targeting the same derived token, were taken to diagnose twelve as the arithmetic base.

	The paper explicitly evaluated and rejected a vowel–consonant phonographic interpretation of the same structural regularities, arguing that the rigid clause template and position-fixed derivational morpheme are more parsimoniously explained by an arithmetic register than by segmental phonology. A brief appendix lists nine diagnostic tests that future material could use to confirm or challenge the reading.		The paper explicitly evaluated and rejected a vowel–consonant phonographic interpretation of the same structural regularities, arguing that the rigid clause template and position-fixed derivational morpheme are more parsimoniously explained by an arithmetic register than by segmental phonology. A brief appendix lists nine diagnostic tests that future material could use to confirm or challenge the reading.

	The paper has been well received within computational epigraphy; [[Camille Voudrin]] has described it as "a model of what distributional agnosticism looks like when it actually works." [[Inrik Üksküla]] notes that the AND_PLUS element Rubergskier identified in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]] appears with the same collocational profile in the [[Zagi Tablets]], which he regards as "the strongest cross-corpus constraint we currently have."		The paper has been well received within computational epigraphy. [[Camille Voudrin]] has described it as "a model of what distributional agnosticism looks like when it actually works." [[Inrik Üksküla]] notes that the AND_PLUS element Rubergskier identified in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]] appears with the same collocational profile in the [[Zagi Tablets]], which he regards as "the strongest cross-corpus constraint we currently have."

	Critics have noted that the arithmetic interpretation, while elegant, cannot be confirmed without either a bilingual or an independent identification of the object's cultural context. Rubergskier has acknowledged this limitation, calling the paper "a structural reading, not a decipherment."		Critics have noted that the arithmetic interpretation, while elegant, cannot be confirmed without either a bilingual or an independent identification of the object's cultural context. Rubergskier has acknowledged this limitation, calling the paper "a structural reading, not a decipherment."

	==See also==		== See also ==
	* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]		* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]

Camille Voudrin

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:40:13 GMT

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	'''Camille Voudrin''' (born 1988) is a French computational linguist and epigraphist, based at the Laboratoire d'Épigraphie Numérique et Linguistique Computationnelle (LENLiC) at the Institut national des humanités numériques (INHN) in Limoux, France. She studied mathematics and linguistics at the École Normale Supérieure before completing a doctorate at Paris-Diderot in 2015 on Hidden Markov Models applied to undeciphered writing systems. Her collaborators on the 2024 study, Solène Marchand and Hadrien Leclerc, are doctoral researchers at the same laboratory.		'''Camille Voudrin''' (born 1988) is a French computational linguist and epigraphist based at the Laboratoire d'Épigraphie Numérique et Linguistique Computationnelle (LENLiC) at the Institut national des humanités numériques (INHN) in Limoux, France. She studied mathematics and linguistics at the École Normale Supérieure before completing a doctorate at Paris-Diderot in 2015 on Hidden Markov Models applied to undeciphered writing systems. Her collaborators on the 2024 study, Solène Marchand and Hadrien Leclerc, are doctoral researchers at the same laboratory.

	Voudrin's declared research programme is the development of "script-agnostic" methods: statistical tools that can characterise the internal structure of an unknown writing system without prior knowledge of the language, the sign inventory's size, or the script's typological classification. She has expressed particular interest in featural ~~scripts—systems~~ in which the graphic form of a sign encodes phonological ~~properties—as~~ a test case for whether structural methods alone can recover design logic.		Voudrin's declared research programme is the development of "script-agnostic" methods: statistical tools that can characterise the internal structure of an unknown writing system without prior knowledge of the language, the sign inventory's size, or the script's typological classification. She has expressed particular interest in featural scripts, in which the graphic form of a sign encodes phonological properties, as a test case for whether structural methods alone can recover design logic.

	==Work==		== Work ==
	Voudrin, Marchand, and Leclerc published "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 7, March 2024: 1281–1294). The study applied a constrained two-state Hidden Markov Model to three extended inscriptions in the [[Kristiansen coding system]], finding that approximately 90% of sign types fell at near-deterministic class probabilities ~~(p(V) ≤ 0.05 or p(V) ≥ 0.95)~~. The consonant-like class comprised box, corner, and triangle sign families; the vowel-like class comprised tee, line, meander, and barred-post families. [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen\|Kristiansen]]'s visual families showed zero cross-class mixing on a chi-square test.		Voudrin, Marchand, and Leclerc published "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 7, March 2024: 1281–1294). The study applied a constrained two-state Hidden Markov Model to three extended inscriptions in the [[Kristiansen coding system]], finding that approximately 90% of sign types fell at near-deterministic class probabilities. The consonant-like class comprised box, corner, and triangle sign families; the vowel-like class comprised tee, line, meander, and barred-post families. [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen\|Kristiansen]]'s visual families showed zero cross-class mixing on a chi-square test.

	The paper also derived a sonority hierarchy from onset and coda cluster directionality alone, consistent with obstruent > nasal > liquid > glide ordering, and identified C05 as the dominant cluster-initial ~~element—a~~ profile the authors described as "consistent with a coronal fricative or sibilant, though no phonetic claim is made."		The paper also derived a sonority hierarchy from onset and coda cluster directionality alone, consistent with obstruent > nasal > liquid > glide ordering, and identified C05 as the dominant cluster-initial element, a profile the authors described as "consistent with a coronal fricative or sibilant, though no phonetic claim is made."

	Voudrin has been careful to frame the result as orthogonal to, rather than conflicting with, [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s arithmetic reading. "A text can simultaneously show word-level syllabic structure and clause-level arithmetic templating," she noted in a brief response to correspondence in ''[[Language Codes]]''. "We are describing different levels of the same object."		Voudrin has been careful to frame the result as orthogonal to rather than conflicting with [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s arithmetic reading. "A text can simultaneously show word-level syllabic structure and clause-level arithmetic templating," she noted in a brief response to correspondence in ''[[Language Codes]]''. "We are describing different levels of the same object."

	The paper is notable for its methodological appendix, which provides full pseudocode for the constrained Viterbi algorithm and the sonority-learning procedure, and for nine diagnostic figures including vector tracings of the three corpus inscriptions used in the study.		The paper is notable for its methodological appendix, which provides full pseudocode for the constrained Viterbi algorithm and the sonority-learning procedure, and for nine diagnostic figures including vector tracings of the three corpus inscriptions used in the study.

	==See also==		== See also ==
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
	* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]		* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]

Inrik Üksküla

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:40:13 GMT

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	'''Inrik Üksküla''' (born 1979) is an Estonian linguist and semiotician, currently unaffiliated. He studied theoretical linguistics and logic at the University of Tartu, where he subsequently taught for several years before leaving academic employment in 2018. He has described his departure as voluntary, citing a preference for "work that ~~doesn't~~ require committee approval." He has since published independently, maintaining a particular interest in formal models of small, restricted corpora.		'''Inrik Üksküla''' (born 1979) is an Estonian linguist and semiotician, currently unaffiliated. He studied theoretical linguistics and logic at the University of Tartu, where he subsequently taught for several years before leaving academic employment in 2018. He has described his departure as voluntary, citing a preference for "work that does not require committee approval." He has since published independently, maintaining a particular interest in formal models of small, restricted corpora.

	Üksküla's approach is characterised by a willingness to develop competing hypotheses in parallel rather than committing prematurely to a single reading. He has credited the Tartu tradition of semiotics associated with Juri Lotman as an influence on his view that a corpus should be allowed to generate its own interpretive possibilities before external frameworks are applied.		Üksküla's approach is characterised by a willingness to develop competing hypotheses in parallel rather than committing prematurely to a single reading. He has credited the Tartu tradition of semiotics, associated with Juri Lotman, as an influence on his view that a corpus should be allowed to generate its own interpretive possibilities before external frameworks are applied.

	==Work==		== Work ==
	Üksküla's preprint "The Clan of Zagi: Numeric Calculus or Genealogical Primer? A Structural Analysis of the Kristiansen Cuneiform Corpus" (2024) analysed 104 short, highly formulaic sentences in the [[Zagi Tablets]]—a corpus of clay tablets inscribed in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] and headed in Akkadian as ''imri Zagi-ak'' ("the clan of Zagi"). The study identified a small set of structural pivots and a paradigm of four ordinal or cardinal markers, and developed two interpretive hypotheses: a numeric calculus reading, in which the corpus functions as a didactic arithmetic system, and a genealogical primer reading, in which the same structures encode a kinship model for the named clan. Üksküla evaluated both against the corpus and concluded that the available evidence did not decisively favour either, proposing a hybrid in which formal numeric notation is used to model the internal structure of a specific kin-group.		Üksküla's preprint "The Clan of Zagi: Numeric Calculus or Genealogical Primer? A Structural Analysis of the Kristiansen Cuneiform Corpus" (2024) analysed 104 short, highly formulaic sentences in the [[Zagi Tablets]], a corpus of clay tablets inscribed in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] and headed in Akkadian as ''imri Zagi-ak'' ("the clan of Zagi"). The study identified a small set of structural pivots and a paradigm of four ordinal or cardinal markers, and developed two interpretive hypotheses: a numeric calculus reading, in which the corpus functions as a didactic arithmetic system, and a genealogical primer reading, in which the same structures encode a kinship model for the named clan. Üksküla evaluated both against the corpus and concluded that the available evidence did not decisively favour either, proposing a hybrid in which formal numeric notation is used to model the internal structure of a specific kin-group.

	The Akkadian heading ''imri Zagi-ak'' attracted particular attention as the first named attribution in the broader [[Kristiansen corpus]]. Üksküla noted that the name Zagi does not appear in any known Akkadian administrative context and may be a transliteration of a name from an unrelated language.		The Akkadian heading ''imri Zagi-ak'' attracted particular attention as the first named attribution in the broader [[Kristiansen corpus]]. Üksküla noted that the name Zagi does not appear in any known Akkadian administrative context and may be a transliteration of a name from an unrelated language.
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	[[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]] has observed that the AND_PLUS element in the Zagi corpus shares its collocational profile with the addition operator she identified in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]], a correspondence Üksküla discusses briefly in his preprint. [[Marie Roelandt]] subsequently developed Üksküla's genealogical hypothesis further in two posts on her blog [[Klema Field Notes]], arguing that the UNIT sign should be read as the kin term CHILD.		[[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]] has observed that the AND_PLUS element in the Zagi corpus shares its collocational profile with the addition operator she identified in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]], a correspondence Üksküla discusses briefly in his preprint. [[Marie Roelandt]] subsequently developed Üksküla's genealogical hypothesis further in two posts on her blog [[Klema Field Notes]], arguing that the UNIT sign should be read as the kin term CHILD.

	==See also==		== See also ==
	* [[Zagi Tablets]]		* [[Zagi Tablets]]
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]

Marie Roelandt

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:40:13 GMT

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	'''Marie Roelandt''' (born 1967) is a Belgian independent researcher and the author of the blog ''[[Klema Field Notes]]'' (klema.tsuk.org). She lives in Antwerp. She trained as a librarian and worked for many years in archival document management, developing alongside this a longstanding amateur interest in historical linguistics, genealogy, and cryptography. She has no formal academic affiliation and describes herself on her blog as "a librarian who reads too many preprints."		'''Marie Roelandt''' (born 1967) is a Belgian independent researcher and the author of the blog ''[[Klema Field Notes]]'' (klema.tsuk.org). She lives in Antwerp. She trained as a librarian and worked for many years in archival document management, developing alongside this a longstanding amateur interest in historical linguistics, genealogy, and cryptography. She has no formal academic affiliation and describes herself on her blog as "a librarian who reads too many preprints."

	Roelandt began following the [[Kristiansen corpus]] literature after encountering [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s 2024 paper through a popular-science digest. Her distinctive contribution has been to bring genealogical ~~intuitions—developed~~ through decades of family history ~~research—to~~ bear on [[Inrik Üksküla\|Üksküla]]'s structural analysis of the [[Zagi Tablets]].		Roelandt began following the [[Kristiansen corpus]] literature after encountering [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s 2024 paper through a popular-science digest. Her distinctive contribution has been to bring genealogical intuitions, developed through decades of family history research, to bear on [[Inrik Üksküla\|Üksküla]]'s structural analysis of the [[Zagi Tablets]].

	==Work==		== Work ==
	In "The Zagi Family" (''[[Klema Field Notes]]'', 18 March 2024), Roelandt argued that the sign Üksküla had labelled UNIT should be read as the concrete kin term CHILD rather than an abstract quantity. She demonstrated that this substitution transforms Üksküla's structural templates into natural genealogical statements: "X has N children" and "child N is Y." She identified parental coupling as the function of the AND_PLUS connector and read Document 4 of the Zagi corpus as a straightforward four-child family record.		In "The Zagi Family" (''[[Klema Field Notes]]'', 18 March 2024), Roelandt argued that the sign Üksküla had labelled UNIT should be read as the concrete kin term CHILD rather than an abstract quantity. She demonstrated that this substitution transforms Üksküla's structural templates into natural genealogical statements: "X has N children" and "child N is Y." She identified parental coupling as the function of the AND_PLUS connector and read Document 4 of the Zagi corpus as a straightforward four-child family record.

	In a follow-up post, "Who's who in the Zagi family?" (''[[Klema Field Notes]]'', 12 April 2024), Roelandt constructed a working transliteration of the ~~corpus—explicitly~~ not a phonetic proposal, but a readability aid assigning arbitrary Latin letters to sign types in rough frequency ~~order—and used~~ it ~~to reconstruct~~ a multi-generational family tree spanning at least three generations~~. She~~ identified two gendered variants of both CHILD and PARENT, a gender-neutral form of each, and a possessive particle. She noted two probable scribal slips in Document 3 in which the copy appears to have misattributed a grandchild relationship as a child relationship, and she stopped short of proposing readings for the opening and closing sentences of the corpus, which she described as "tempting but beyond what the internal evidence can support."		In a follow-up post, "Who's who in the Zagi family?" (''[[Klema Field Notes]]'', 12 April 2024), Roelandt constructed a working transliteration of the corpus. This was explicitly not a phonetic proposal but a readability aid, assigning arbitrary Latin letters to sign types in rough frequency order. Using it, she reconstructed a multi-generational family tree spanning at least three generations, identified two gendered variants of both CHILD and PARENT alongside a gender-neutral form of each, and identified a possessive particle. She noted two probable scribal slips in Document 3 in which the copy appears to have misattributed a grandchild relationship as a child relationship, and she stopped short of proposing readings for the opening and closing sentences of the corpus, which she described as "tempting but beyond what the internal evidence can support."

	Roelandt's CHILD reading has been informally cited by several researchers as a significant clarification of Üksküla's Hypothesis B, though it has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed literature. She has said she has no plans to submit for publication, preferring the blog format for its speed and its tolerance of openly provisional conclusions.		Roelandt's CHILD reading has been informally cited by several researchers as a significant clarification of Üksküla's Hypothesis B, though it has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed literature. She has said she has no plans to submit for publication, preferring the blog format for its speed and its tolerance of openly provisional conclusions.

	==See also==		== See also ==
	* [[Klema Field Notes]]		* [[Klema Field Notes]]
	* [[Zagi Tablets]]		* [[Zagi Tablets]]

Inrik Üksküla

Mvuijlst — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:37:51 GMT

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	'''Inrik Üksküla''' (born 1979) is an Estonian linguist and semiotician, currently unaffiliated. He studied theoretical linguistics and logic at the University of Tartu, where he subsequently taught for several years before leaving academic employment in 2018. He has described his departure as voluntary, citing a preference for "work that doesn't require committee approval." He has since published independently, maintaining a particular interest in formal models of small, restricted corpora.		'''Inrik Üksküla''' (born 1979) is an Estonian linguist and semiotician, currently unaffiliated. He studied theoretical linguistics and logic at the University of Tartu, where he subsequently taught for several years before leaving academic employment in 2018. He has described his departure as voluntary, citing a preference for "work that doesn't require committee approval." He has since published independently, maintaining a particular interest in formal models of small, restricted corpora.

	Üksküla's approach is characterised by a willingness to develop competing hypotheses in parallel rather than committing prematurely to a single reading. He has credited the Tartu tradition of ~~semiotics—associated~~ with Juri ~~Lotman—as~~ an influence on his view that a corpus should be allowed to generate its own interpretive possibilities before external frameworks are applied.		Üksküla's approach is characterised by a willingness to develop competing hypotheses in parallel rather than committing prematurely to a single reading. He has credited the Tartu tradition of semiotics associated with Juri Lotman as an influence on his view that a corpus should be allowed to generate its own interpretive possibilities before external frameworks are applied.

	==Work==		==Work==

Inrik Üksküla

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:31:23 GMT

Rewrite with biographical detail and texture

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	'''Inrik Üksküla''' is ~~a researcher known~~ for ~~a 2024 structural analysis of a corpus of clay tablets inscribed in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] and headed~~ in ~~[[Akkadian language\|Akkadian]]~~ as '~~'imri Zagi-ak'' (~~"~~the clan~~ of ~~Zagi")~~.		'''Inrik Üksküla''' (born 1979) is an Estonian linguist and semiotician, currently unaffiliated. He studied theoretical linguistics and logic at the University of Tartu, where he subsequently taught for several years before leaving academic employment in 2018. He has described his departure as voluntary, citing a preference for "work that doesn't require committee approval." He has since published independently, maintaining a particular interest in formal models of small, restricted corpora.

	~~== Work ==~~		Üksküla's approach is characterised by a willingness to develop competing hypotheses in parallel rather than committing prematurely to a single reading. He has credited the Tartu tradition of semiotics—associated with Juri Lotman—as an influence on his view that a corpus should be allowed to generate its own interpretive possibilities before external frameworks are applied.
	Üksküla's preprint, "The Clan of Zagi: Numeric Calculus or Genealogical Primer? A Structural Analysis of the Kristiansen Cuneiform Corpus" (2024), analysed 104 short, highly formulaic sentences distributed across four internal documents and built from 46 distinct composite signs. ~~The tablets are distinguished from other material in~~ the ~~Kristiansen corpus by their medium—clay,~~ with ~~signs sketched in~~ a ~~manner reminiscent of cuneiform—and by their Akkadian heading~~.

	The study developed two ~~main~~ interpretive hypotheses~~. Under Hypothesis A~~, the corpus ~~constitutes~~ a didactic ~~introduction to a small numeric or proto-algebraic calculus~~, ~~with~~ a ~~base unit, small cardinals, and pivot signs encoding definition and equality. Under Hypothesis B~~, the same structures encode a ~~genealogical primer~~ for the clan ~~of Zagi, with the unit representing a clan member, the cardinals encoding ordered child positions, and the pivots assigning and identifying roles within a lineage~~. Üksküla evaluated both ~~hypotheses~~ against the ~~internal structure~~ and concluded that ~~neither could be definitively rejected~~, ~~leaning toward~~ a hybrid in which ~~a formalised~~ numeric notation is used to model the internal structure of a specific kin-group.		==Work==
			Üksküla's preprint "The Clan of Zagi: Numeric Calculus or Genealogical Primer? A Structural Analysis of the Kristiansen Cuneiform Corpus" (2024) analysed 104 short, highly formulaic sentences in the [[Zagi Tablets]]—a corpus of clay tablets inscribed in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] and headed in Akkadian as ''imri Zagi-ak'' ("the clan of Zagi"). The study identified a small set of structural pivots and a paradigm of four ordinal or cardinal markers, and developed two interpretive hypotheses: a numeric calculus reading, in which the corpus functions as a didactic arithmetic system, and a genealogical primer reading, in which the same structures encode a kinship model for the named clan. Üksküla evaluated both against the corpus and concluded that the available evidence did not decisively favour either, proposing a hybrid in which formal numeric notation is used to model the internal structure of a specific kin-group.

	The Akkadian heading ''imri Zagi-ak'' ~~has~~ attracted particular attention as the first named attribution in the broader Kristiansen corpus.		The Akkadian heading ''imri Zagi-ak'' attracted particular attention as the first named attribution in the broader [[Kristiansen corpus]]. Üksküla noted that the name Zagi does not appear in any known Akkadian administrative context and may be a transliteration of a name from an unrelated language.

	== See also ==		[[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]] has observed that the AND_PLUS element in the Zagi corpus shares its collocational profile with the addition operator she identified in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]], a correspondence Üksküla discusses briefly in his preprint. [[Marie Roelandt]] subsequently developed Üksküla's genealogical hypothesis further in two posts on her blog [[Klema Field Notes]], arguing that the UNIT sign should be read as the kin term CHILD.

			==See also==
	* [[Zagi Tablets]]		* [[Zagi Tablets]]
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
	* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]		* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]
			* [[Marie Roelandt]]

	[[Category:~~Kristiansen corpus~~]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]][[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:~~Researchers~~]][[Category:~~Epigraphy~~]]

Marie Roelandt

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	'''Marie Roelandt''' is an independent researcher and the author of the blog ''[[Klema Field Notes]]'' (klema.tsuk.org), ~~which publishes analyses of inscriptions~~ in ~~the [[Kristiansen coding system]]~~.		'''Marie Roelandt''' (born 1967) is a Belgian independent researcher and the author of the blog ''[[Klema Field Notes]]'' (klema.tsuk.org). She lives in Antwerp. She trained as a librarian and worked for many years in archival document management, developing alongside this a longstanding amateur interest in historical linguistics, genealogy, and cryptography. She has no formal academic affiliation and describes herself on her blog as "a librarian who reads too many preprints."

	~~== Work ==~~		Roelandt began following the [[Kristiansen corpus]] literature after encountering [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s 2024 paper through a popular-science digest. Her distinctive contribution has been to bring genealogical intuitions—developed through decades of family history research—to bear on [[Inrik Üksküla\|Üksküla]]'s structural analysis of the [[Zagi Tablets]].
	Roelandt ~~is not institutionally affiliated~~. Her ~~work is characterised by close~~ structural ~~reading, explicit methodological transparency, and a stated policy~~ of ~~not proposing phonetic values for signs. Her two most-cited posts concern~~ the [[Zagi Tablets]]: in the first she argues that the sign UNIT should be read as the kin term CHILD; in the second she reconstructs a multi-generational family tree from the corpus using a working transliteration she designed as a readability aid, not as a phonetic proposal.

	She ~~identifies herself on her blog~~ as ~~having interests in undeciphered writing, genealogy,~~ and ~~pattern recognition~~.		==Work==
			In "The Zagi Family" (''[[Klema Field Notes]]'', 18 March 2024), Roelandt argued that the sign Üksküla had labelled UNIT should be read as the concrete kin term CHILD rather than an abstract quantity. She demonstrated that this substitution transforms Üksküla's structural templates into natural genealogical statements: "X has N children" and "child N is Y." She identified parental coupling as the function of the AND_PLUS connector and read Document 4 of the Zagi corpus as a straightforward four-child family record.

	== See also ==		In a follow-up post, "Who's who in the Zagi family?" (''[[Klema Field Notes]]'', 12 April 2024), Roelandt constructed a working transliteration of the corpus—explicitly not a phonetic proposal, but a readability aid assigning arbitrary Latin letters to sign types in rough frequency order—and used it to reconstruct a multi-generational family tree spanning at least three generations. She identified two gendered variants of both CHILD and PARENT, a gender-neutral form of each, and a possessive particle. She noted two probable scribal slips in Document 3 in which the copy appears to have misattributed a grandchild relationship as a child relationship, and she stopped short of proposing readings for the opening and closing sentences of the corpus, which she described as "tempting but beyond what the internal evidence can support."

			Roelandt's CHILD reading has been informally cited by several researchers as a significant clarification of Üksküla's Hypothesis B, though it has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed literature. She has said she has no plans to submit for publication, preferring the blog format for its speed and its tolerance of openly provisional conclusions.

			==See also==
	* [[Klema Field Notes]]		* [[Klema Field Notes]]
	* [[Zagi Tablets]]		* [[Zagi Tablets]]
	* [[Inrik Üksküla]]		* [[Inrik Üksküla]]
			* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]

	[[Category:~~Kristiansen corpus~~]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Bloggers]][[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:~~Researchers~~]][[Category:~~Bloggers~~]]

Jan-Tage Kristiansen

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	'''Jan-Tage Kristiansen''' is a researcher ~~whose 2023 correspondence note~~ in the ~~journal ''language'' established~~ the ~~foundational coding system now used throughout the scholarly literature~~ on the ~~[[Scapula Glyph Inscription]] and related texts~~.		'''Jan-Tage Kristiansen''' (born 1971) is a Norwegian-Estonian philologist and independent researcher, based in Tallinn. He trained as a linguist at the University of Bergen, where his MA thesis examined positional constraints in runic epigraphy, before completing a doctorate at the University of Tartu in 2001 on graphemic variability in undeciphered scripts of the eastern Baltic region.

	~~== Work ==~~		Kristiansen worked for several years as a cataloguer at the Estonian History Museum before leaving institutional employment to pursue independent research. He has described his working method as "palaeographic accountancy"—systematic inventory of graphemic features before any interpretive commitment.
	Kristiansen~~'s brief report,~~ "~~Twin renderings, single template: a ruled signary on a putative cervid scapula~~" ~~(''language'' 27, October 2023: 1073–1074), introduced a systematic alphanumeric labelling scheme for the graphemes~~ of [[KS-01]], grouping them into visually coherent families (A, B, C, H, L, M, P, S, T) and documenting their positional distribution across four ruled lines. The paper noted that circulating images likely trace to a single original drawing, and advocated higher-quality imaging before ~~firm conclusions about medium, date, or technique~~.

	~~The coding system~~ Kristiansen ~~proposed—in which each sign receives~~ a ~~class letter and index number~~, ~~e.g. C01, B04, P01—was subsequently adopted without modification by~~ [[~~Ginevra Rubergskier~~]], ~~[[Camille Voudrin]]~~, and ~~[[Inrik Üksküla]] in their analyses~~ of ~~related material~~.		==Work==
			Kristiansen's correspondence note "Twin renderings, single template: a ruled signary on a putative cervid scapula" (''language'' 27, October 2023: 1073–1074) introduced the alphanumeric coding system now used throughout the scholarly literature on the [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]] and related texts. The note described a short, four-line inscription on a scapula-shaped object, identified nine visually coherent sign families (labelled A through T, with P reserved for the divider), and provided a full positional frequency table. Kristiansen declined to propose a cultural attribution, noting that circulating images of the object appeared to derive from a single original drawing and that higher-resolution imaging was desirable before drawing further conclusions.

	== See also ==		The coding system he established—assigning each sign a family letter and index number, such as C01, B04, or P01—was subsequently adopted without modification by [[Ginevra Rubergskier]], [[Camille Voudrin]], [[Inrik Üksküla]], and other contributors to the field, giving the note an influence disproportionate to its two-page length.

			Kristiansen has continued to maintain the signary as a stable reference document, issuing minor corrections to the preliminary frequency table following the appearance of higher-quality tracings in 2024. He has not published a full interpretive article of his own, describing his role as "keeping the inventory honest."

			==Other interests==
			Outside the Kristiansen corpus, Kristiansen has published short notes on pre-Christian Baltic carved artefacts and on quantitative approaches to grapheme classification. He maintains a low profile online and rarely attends conferences in person.

			==See also==
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
	* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]		* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
	* [[Zagi Tablets]]		* [[Zagi Tablets]]
			* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]

	[[Category:~~Kristiansen corpus~~]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]][[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:~~Researchers~~]][[Category:~~Epigraphy~~]]

Ginevra Rubergskier

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	'''Ginevra Rubergskier''' is ~~a researcher~~ affiliated with the Baltic Institute for Cryptography and Secure Computing (BICSC) in Tallinn, Estonia. She ~~is known~~ for ~~a 2024 study proposing that a long inscription~~ in ~~the [[Kristiansen coding system]] encodes a compact base-12 arithmetic register~~.		'''Ginevra Rubergskier''' (born 1985) is an Italian-Estonian computational linguist and cryptographer, affiliated with the Baltic Institute for Cryptography and Secure Computing (BICSC) in Tallinn, Estonia. She holds a doctorate from the University of Bologna (2012) on statistical methods for the analysis of unknown symbol systems, and subsequently worked at the European Centre for Linguistic Documentation in Vienna before joining BICSC in 2017.

	~~== Work ==~~		Her research focuses on distributional approaches to undeciphered texts, particularly the application of information-theoretic and machine-learning methods to corpora for which no external key exists. She has described her interest in the [[Kristiansen corpus]] as "the cleanest test case I have found for methods that should not depend on knowing what the symbols mean."
	~~Rubergskier's paper~~, ~~"A dozenal primer hidden in plain sight: decoding arithmetic from a corpus~~ of ~~tagged tokens" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 6, February 2024: 820–824), applied three complementary quantitative methods—positional bias tests, pointwise mutual~~ information ~~of adjacent pairs,~~ and ~~morphological productivity analysis—to the text now known as~~ the [[~~Dozenal Primer Inscription~~]].

	~~Without proposing~~ phonetic values, the study identified a stereotyped medial spine ~~functioning as~~ an equals marker, a binary ~~addition~~ operator with high collocation ~~strength~~, a simplex unit consistent with ~~the numeral~~ ONE, and a productive ~~right-edge~~ derivational suffix generating multiples of twelve. Converging complement ~~constructions (e.g. forms~~ consistent with 11+1, 10+2, 6+6 all targeting the same derived ~~token) were interpreted as diagnosing~~ twelve as the arithmetic base.		==Work==
			Rubergskier's paper "A dozenal primer hidden in plain sight: decoding arithmetic from a corpus of tagged tokens" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 6, February 2024: 820–824) applied three quantitative methods to the text now known as the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]: positional bias tests, pointwise mutual information of adjacent sign pairs, and morphological productivity analysis of right-edge bundles. Working entirely without proposed phonetic values, the study identified a stereotyped medial spine consistent with an equals marker, a binary operator with high internal collocation, a simplex unit consistent with ONE, and a productive derivational suffix generating multiples of twelve. Converging complement constructions—forms consistent with 11+1, 10+2, and 6+6 all targeting the same derived token—were taken to diagnose twelve as the arithmetic base.

	The paper explicitly evaluated and rejected a vowel–consonant phonographic interpretation of the same regularities, arguing that the rigid clause template and position-fixed derivational morpheme are more parsimoniously explained by arithmetic ~~structure~~.		The paper explicitly evaluated and rejected a vowel–consonant phonographic interpretation of the same structural regularities, arguing that the rigid clause template and position-fixed derivational morpheme are more parsimoniously explained by an arithmetic register than by segmental phonology. A brief appendix lists nine diagnostic tests that future material could use to confirm or challenge the reading.

	== See also ==		The paper has been well received within computational epigraphy; [[Camille Voudrin]] has described it as "a model of what distributional agnosticism looks like when it actually works." [[Inrik Üksküla]] notes that the AND_PLUS element Rubergskier identified in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]] appears with the same collocational profile in the [[Zagi Tablets]], which he regards as "the strongest cross-corpus constraint we currently have."

			Critics have noted that the arithmetic interpretation, while elegant, cannot be confirmed without either a bilingual or an independent identification of the object's cultural context. Rubergskier has acknowledged this limitation, calling the paper "a structural reading, not a decipherment."

			==See also==
	* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]		* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
	* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]		* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]
	* [[Camille Voudrin]]		* [[Camille Voudrin]]
			* [[Inrik Üksküla]]
			* [[Language Codes]]

	[[Category:~~Kristiansen corpus~~]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]][[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:~~Researchers~~]][[Category:~~Epigraphy~~]]

Camille Voudrin

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	'''Camille Voudrin''' is a ~~researcher~~ at the Laboratoire d'Épigraphie Numérique et Linguistique Computationnelle (LENLiC), Institut national des humanités numériques (INHN), Limoux, France.		'''Camille Voudrin''' (born 1988) is a French computational linguist and epigraphist, based at the Laboratoire d'Épigraphie Numérique et Linguistique Computationnelle (LENLiC) at the Institut national des humanités numériques (INHN) in Limoux, France. She studied mathematics and linguistics at the École Normale Supérieure before completing a doctorate at Paris-Diderot in 2015 on Hidden Markov Models applied to undeciphered writing systems. Her collaborators on the 2024 study, Solène Marchand and Hadrien Leclerc, are doctoral researchers at the same laboratory.

	~~== Work ==~~		Voudrin's declared research programme is the development of "script-agnostic" methods: statistical tools that can characterise the internal structure of an unknown writing system without prior knowledge of the language, the sign inventory's size, or the script's typological classification. She has expressed particular interest in featural scripts—systems in which the graphic form of a sign encodes phonological properties—as a test case for whether structural methods alone can recover design logic.
	Voudrin~~, together with Solène Marchand and Hadrien Leclerc, published~~ "~~A distributional test~~ of ~~vowel–consonant structure in~~ an ~~undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation" (~~''~~[[Language Codes]]'' 7, March 2024: 1281–1294)~~. ~~The study applied a constrained two-state Hidden Markov Model to three extended inscriptions~~ in the ~~[[Kristiansen coding system]], seeking to determine~~ whether ~~the signs partition into vowel-like and consonant-like classes on distributional grounds alone—without reference to phonetic values or an external key~~.

	The ~~analysis found~~ that approximately 90% of sign types fell at near-deterministic probabilities (p(V) ≤ 0.05 or ≥ 0.95)~~, yielding a clean partition~~. The consonant-like class comprised box, corner, and triangle sign families; the vowel-like class comprised tee, line, meander, and barred-post families. ~~Crucially,~~ Kristiansen's visual families showed zero cross-class mixing~~, confirmed by~~ chi-square test.		==Work==
			Voudrin, Marchand, and Leclerc published "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 7, March 2024: 1281–1294). The study applied a constrained two-state Hidden Markov Model to three extended inscriptions in the [[Kristiansen coding system]], finding that approximately 90% of sign types fell at near-deterministic class probabilities (p(V) ≤ 0.05 or p(V) ≥ 0.95). The consonant-like class comprised box, corner, and triangle sign families; the vowel-like class comprised tee, line, meander, and barred-post families. [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen\|Kristiansen]]'s visual families showed zero cross-class mixing on a chi-square test.

	The paper also derived a sonority hierarchy from onset and coda cluster directionality alone, consistent with obstruent > nasal > liquid > glide ordering, and identified ~~the sign~~ C05 as the dominant cluster-initial element—a profile consistent with a coronal fricative or sibilant.		The paper also derived a sonority hierarchy from onset and coda cluster directionality alone, consistent with obstruent > nasal > liquid > glide ordering, and identified C05 as the dominant cluster-initial element—a profile the authors described as "consistent with a coronal fricative or sibilant, though no phonetic claim is made."

	~~The authors noted that their findings are~~ orthogonal to rather than ~~in conflict~~ with [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s arithmetic reading~~: a~~ text ~~may~~ simultaneously ~~exhibit~~ word-level ~~vowel–consonant~~ structure and clause-level arithmetic templating.		Voudrin has been careful to frame the result as orthogonal to, rather than conflicting with, [[Ginevra Rubergskier\|Rubergskier]]'s arithmetic reading. "A text can simultaneously show word-level syllabic structure and clause-level arithmetic templating," she noted in a brief response to correspondence in ''[[Language Codes]]''. "We are describing different levels of the same object."

	== See also ==		The paper is notable for its methodological appendix, which provides full pseudocode for the constrained Viterbi algorithm and the sonority-learning procedure, and for nine diagnostic figures including vector tracings of the three corpus inscriptions used in the study.

			==See also==
	* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]		* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
	* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]		* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
	* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]		* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]
	* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]		* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]
			* [[Language Codes]]

	[[Category:~~Kristiansen corpus~~]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]][[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:~~Researchers~~]][[Category:~~Epigraphy~~]]

Marie Roelandt

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	* [[Inrik Üksküla]]		* [[Inrik Üksküla]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Bloggers]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Bloggers]]

Klema Field Notes

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	* [[Inrik Üksküla]]		* [[Inrik Üksküla]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Blogs]][[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Blogs]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Language Codes

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	* Camille Voudrin, Solène Marchand, and Hadrien Leclerc, "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation," ''Language Codes'' 7 (2024): 1281–1294.		* Camille Voudrin, Solène Marchand, and Hadrien Leclerc, "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation," ''Language Codes'' 7 (2024): 1281–1294.

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Journals]]		[[Category:Journals]]

Scapula Glyph Inscription

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	* [[Paleography]]		* [[Paleography]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Undeciphered inscriptions]]		[[Category:Undeciphered inscriptions]]
	[[Category:Writing systems]]		[[Category:Writing systems]]
	[[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Epigraphy]]
	[[Category:Klema]]		[[Category:Klema]]

Dozenal Primer Inscription

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	<references />		<references />

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Klema]]		[[Category:Klema]]

Zagi Tablets

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	* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]		* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Inscriptions]][[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Inscriptions]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Jan-Tage Kristiansen

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:26:44 GMT

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	* [[Zagi Tablets]]		* [[Zagi Tablets]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Ginevra Rubergskier

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	* [[Camille Voudrin]]		* [[Camille Voudrin]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Camille Voudrin

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	* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]		* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Inrik Üksküla

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:26:44 GMT

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	* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]		* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]

			[[Category:Kristiansen corpus]]
	[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]		[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Category:Kristiansen corpus

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:26:44 GMT

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New page

Pages relating to the corpus of inscriptions documented using the coding system introduced by [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]] in 2023, including the physical objects, the scholars who have studied them, and the publications in which their analyses appear.

[[Category:Epigraphy]]

Language Codes

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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'''''Language Codes''''' is a peer-reviewed journal publishing research at the intersection of linguistics, epigraphy, and computational methods. It covers topics including undeciphered writing systems, distributional analysis of sign corpora, and structural approaches to unknown scripts.

The journal has published several studies relevant to the [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]] and related material, including work by [[Ginevra Rubergskier]] and [[Camille Voudrin]].

== Selected publications ==
* Ginevra Rubergskier, "A dozenal primer hidden in plain sight: decoding arithmetic from a corpus of tagged tokens," ''Language Codes'' 6 (2024): 820–824.
* Camille Voudrin, Solène Marchand, and Hadrien Leclerc, "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation," ''Language Codes'' 7 (2024): 1281–1294.

[[Category:Journals]]

Jan-Tage Kristiansen

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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'''Jan-Tage Kristiansen''' is a researcher whose 2023 correspondence note in the journal ''language'' established the foundational coding system now used throughout the scholarly literature on the [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]] and related texts.

== Work ==
Kristiansen's brief report, "Twin renderings, single template: a ruled signary on a putative cervid scapula" (''language'' 27, October 2023: 1073–1074), introduced a systematic alphanumeric labelling scheme for the graphemes of [[KS-01]], grouping them into visually coherent families (A, B, C, H, L, M, P, S, T) and documenting their positional distribution across four ruled lines. The paper noted that circulating images likely trace to a single original drawing, and advocated higher-quality imaging before firm conclusions about medium, date, or technique.

The coding system Kristiansen proposed—in which each sign receives a class letter and index number, e.g. C01, B04, P01—was subsequently adopted without modification by [[Ginevra Rubergskier]], [[Camille Voudrin]], and [[Inrik Üksküla]] in their analyses of related material.

== See also ==
* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
* [[Zagi Tablets]]

[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Ginevra Rubergskier

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

Create scholar stub

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'''Ginevra Rubergskier''' is a researcher affiliated with the Baltic Institute for Cryptography and Secure Computing (BICSC) in Tallinn, Estonia. She is known for a 2024 study proposing that a long inscription in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] encodes a compact base-12 arithmetic register.

== Work ==
Rubergskier's paper, "A dozenal primer hidden in plain sight: decoding arithmetic from a corpus of tagged tokens" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 6, February 2024: 820–824), applied three complementary quantitative methods—positional bias tests, pointwise mutual information of adjacent pairs, and morphological productivity analysis—to the text now known as the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]].

Without proposing phonetic values, the study identified a stereotyped medial spine functioning as an equals marker, a binary addition operator with high collocation strength, a simplex unit consistent with the numeral ONE, and a productive right-edge derivational suffix generating multiples of twelve. Converging complement constructions (e.g. forms consistent with 11+1, 10+2, 6+6 all targeting the same derived token) were interpreted as diagnosing twelve as the arithmetic base.

The paper explicitly evaluated and rejected a vowel–consonant phonographic interpretation of the same regularities, arguing that the rigid clause template and position-fixed derivational morpheme are more parsimoniously explained by arithmetic structure.

== See also ==
* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]
* [[Camille Voudrin]]

[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Camille Voudrin

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

Create scholar stub

New page

'''Camille Voudrin''' is a researcher at the Laboratoire d'Épigraphie Numérique et Linguistique Computationnelle (LENLiC), Institut national des humanités numériques (INHN), Limoux, France.

== Work ==
Voudrin, together with Solène Marchand and Hadrien Leclerc, published "A distributional test of vowel–consonant structure in an undeciphered signary suggests robust class separation" (''[[Language Codes]]'' 7, March 2024: 1281–1294). The study applied a constrained two-state Hidden Markov Model to three extended inscriptions in the [[Kristiansen coding system]], seeking to determine whether the signs partition into vowel-like and consonant-like classes on distributional grounds alone—without reference to phonetic values or an external key.

The analysis found that approximately 90% of sign types fell at near-deterministic probabilities (p(V) ≤ 0.05 or ≥ 0.95), yielding a clean partition. The consonant-like class comprised box, corner, and triangle sign families; the vowel-like class comprised tee, line, meander, and barred-post families. Crucially, Kristiansen's visual families showed zero cross-class mixing, confirmed by chi-square test.

The paper also derived a sonority hierarchy from onset and coda cluster directionality alone, consistent with obstruent > nasal > liquid > glide ordering, and identified the sign C05 as the dominant cluster-initial element—a profile consistent with a coronal fricative or sibilant.

The authors noted that their findings are orthogonal to rather than in conflict with [[Ginevra Rubergskier|Rubergskier]]'s arithmetic reading: a text may simultaneously exhibit word-level vowel–consonant structure and clause-level arithmetic templating.

== See also ==
* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]
* [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]

[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Inrik Üksküla

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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'''Inrik Üksküla''' is a researcher known for a 2024 structural analysis of a corpus of clay tablets inscribed in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] and headed in [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] as ''imri Zagi-ak'' ("the clan of Zagi").

== Work ==
Üksküla's preprint, "The Clan of Zagi: Numeric Calculus or Genealogical Primer? A Structural Analysis of the Kristiansen Cuneiform Corpus" (2024), analysed 104 short, highly formulaic sentences distributed across four internal documents and built from 46 distinct composite signs. The tablets are distinguished from other material in the Kristiansen corpus by their medium—clay, with signs sketched in a manner reminiscent of cuneiform—and by their Akkadian heading.

The study developed two main interpretive hypotheses. Under Hypothesis A, the corpus constitutes a didactic introduction to a small numeric or proto-algebraic calculus, with a base unit, small cardinals, and pivot signs encoding definition and equality. Under Hypothesis B, the same structures encode a genealogical primer for the clan of Zagi, with the unit representing a clan member, the cardinals encoding ordered child positions, and the pivots assigning and identifying roles within a lineage. Üksküla evaluated both hypotheses against the internal structure and concluded that neither could be definitively rejected, leaning toward a hybrid in which a formalised numeric notation is used to model the internal structure of a specific kin-group.

The Akkadian heading ''imri Zagi-ak'' has attracted particular attention as the first named attribution in the broader Kristiansen corpus.

== See also ==
* [[Zagi Tablets]]
* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]

[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Zagi Tablets

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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The '''Zagi Tablets''' are a corpus of clay tablets inscribed in the [[Kristiansen coding system]] and distinguished from other material in that system by two features: their medium (clay, with signs rendered in a manner recalling cuneiform), and an [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] heading reading ''imri Zagi-ak'' (𒅎𒊑 𒍝𒄀𒀝), conventionally translated "the clan of Zagi."

== Description ==
The corpus comprises 104 short sentences distributed across four internal documents of 27, 16, 39, and 22 sentences respectively, built from 46 distinct composite sign-types and totalling 552 token instances. Sentences are highly formulaic, with an average length of approximately 5.3 tokens. Many sentences occur as near-reversal pairs, in which the same multiset of signs appears in altered order around a central pivot element.

The Akkadian heading does not appear to be a translation of the glyph content; it is understood as a label or attribution applied when the tablets entered a cuneiform scribal context.

== Structural analysis ==
[[Inrik Üksküla]]'s 2024 preprint identified several structurally stable elements: a sign functioning as an equality pivot (EQ_PIVOT), a sign functioning as a definitional pivot (DEF_PIVOT), a sign functioning as a compositional linker (AND_PLUS), a sign consistent with a base unit (UNIT), and a paradigm of four ordinal or cardinal markers (ONE through FOUR). Documents 1 and 2 establish the relational machinery without numerals; Documents 3 and 4 introduce the numeral paradigm and extend the clause structure to explicit quantification.

Üksküla developed two main interpretations—a numeric calculus and a genealogical primer—and concluded that the available evidence does not decisively favour either, while leaning toward a hybrid reading in which formal numeric notation models a specific kinship structure.

== Relation to other Kristiansen material ==
The AND_PLUS element (high PMI collocation of two signs) corresponds to the same collocational unit identified by [[Ginevra Rubergskier]] in the [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]], and the ONE-through-FOUR paradigm is consistent with the numeral sequence proposed in that study. This cross-corpus coherence supports the view that the Zagi Tablets and the Dozenal Primer draw on a shared sign system.

== See also ==
* [[Inrik Üksküla]]
* [[Dozenal Primer Inscription]]
* [[Scapula Glyph Inscription]]
* [[Jan-Tage Kristiansen]]

[[Category:Inscriptions]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Klema Field Notes

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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'''''Klema Field Notes''''' is an independent research blog maintained by [[Marie Roelandt]] and hosted at [https://klema.tsuk.org/ klema.tsuk.org]. It publishes informal but closely argued analyses of material in the [[Kristiansen coding system]], with a particular focus on the [[Zagi Tablets]].

== Notable posts ==
* "The Zagi Family" (18 March 2024): Roelandt argues that the sign UNIT in the Zagi corpus should be read as the kin term CHILD rather than as an abstract quantity, and demonstrates that this substitution produces natural genealogical statements of the form "X has N children" and "child N is Y." She identifies two structural templates—X DEF_PIVOT N CHILD and CHILD N EQ_PIVOT Y—and reads the AND_PLUS connector as a parental coupling marker.

* "Who's who in the Zagi family?" (12 April 2024): Building on the previous post, Roelandt assigns working transliterations to all sign types (explicitly not proposed as phonetic values) and uses these to reconstruct a multi-generational family tree from Documents 1–4. She identifies two families named CHILD-GENDERA and CHILD-GENDERB, two parental role terms distinguished by a suffix, and a gender-neutral parental term. She notes two probable scribal slips in Document 3 and stops short of proposing readings for the opening and closing lines of the corpus.

== Relation to academic literature ==
''Klema Field Notes'' explicitly engages with and cites [[Inrik Üksküla]]'s preprint and [[Ginevra Rubergskier]]'s [[Language Codes|''Language Codes'']] paper. Roelandt's CHILD reading may be seen as a development of Üksküla's Hypothesis B.

== See also ==
* [[Marie Roelandt]]
* [[Zagi Tablets]]
* [[Inrik Üksküla]]

[[Category:Blogs]][[Category:Epigraphy]]

Marie Roelandt

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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'''Marie Roelandt''' is an independent researcher and the author of the blog ''[[Klema Field Notes]]'' (klema.tsuk.org), which publishes analyses of inscriptions in the [[Kristiansen coding system]].

== Work ==
Roelandt is not institutionally affiliated. Her work is characterised by close structural reading, explicit methodological transparency, and a stated policy of not proposing phonetic values for signs. Her two most-cited posts concern the [[Zagi Tablets]]: in the first she argues that the sign UNIT should be read as the kin term CHILD; in the second she reconstructs a multi-generational family tree from the corpus using a working transliteration she designed as a readability aid, not as a phonetic proposal.

She identifies herself on her blog as having interests in undeciphered writing, genealogy, and pattern recognition.

== See also ==
* [[Klema Field Notes]]
* [[Zagi Tablets]]
* [[Inrik Üksküla]]

[[Category:Researchers]][[Category:Bloggers]]

User:HelmutJS

HelmutJS — Wed, 06 May 2026 13:01:27 GMT

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I am a researcher with an interest in undeciphered writing systems, the Kristiansen glyph corpus, and related questions of structural epigraphy. I maintain a particular focus on the intersections between distributional methods and archaeological context in the study of pre-literate and proto-literate material cultures.

My contributions to this wiki concentrate on the growing body of scholarship around the so-called Kristiansen coding system and the inscriptions associated with it.

[[Category:Users]]

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A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities

Mvuijlst — Thu, 23 Apr 2026 15:24:51 GMT

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A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities

Mvuijlst — Thu, 23 Apr 2026 14:50:46 GMT

Created page with "{{Infobox | 01_name = A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities | 02_url = https://acbc.yusupov.cloud | 03_developer = Michel Vuijlsteke | 04_released = 2025 | 05_genre = AI-generated short-fiction application | 06_language = Python | 07_framework = Flask 3.0 | 08_license = MIT }} '''A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities''' (abbreviated '''acbc''') is a web application hosted at <code>acbc.yusupov.cloud</code> that generates illustrated thre..."

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{{Infobox
| 01_name = A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities
| 02_url = https://acbc.yusupov.cloud
| 03_developer = Michel Vuijlsteke
| 04_released = 2025
| 05_genre = AI-generated short-fiction application
| 06_language = Python
| 07_framework = [[Flask]] 3.0
| 08_license = MIT
}}

'''A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities''' (abbreviated '''acbc''') is a web application hosted at <code>acbc.yusupov.cloud</code> that generates illustrated three-sentence short stories in the style of [[H. P. Lovecraft]]. Each story is composed by a large language model from a structured set of randomised "knobs" and optional user-supplied seed words, and is paired with a black-and-white illustration designed to resemble a 19th-century engraved book plate. The site's rotating tagline — drawn every thirty minutes from a pool of forty-five variants — frames the act of generation in deliberately archaic terms; the canonical opening reads "Dredge slivers of impossible worlds from the black gulfs of imagination and press them into trembling mortal words."

== Technology stack ==

The application is built on Flask 3.0 with [[SQLite]] as its database, accessed through [[SQLAlchemy]] (Flask-SQLAlchemy 3.1).<ref name="requirements">requirements.txt in the project repository pins Flask 3.0.3, Flask-Login 0.6.3, Flask-SQLAlchemy 3.1.1, python-dotenv 1.0.1, openai ≥1.50, httpx 0.27.2, and Pillow ≥10.</ref> Authentication is handled by Flask-Login. It is deployed on an Ubuntu VPS behind [[Nginx]] with [[Gunicorn]] running over a Unix socket under a dedicated <code>django</code> system user, supervised by systemd. Additional dependencies include the [[OpenAI]] Python client for both text and image generation, [[Pillow (imaging library)|Pillow]] for image post-processing, [[python-dotenv]] for environment configuration, and [[httpx]] as the underlying HTTP transport. The front end is rendered from Jinja templates using a small Bootstrap-derived stylesheet (<code>static/style.css</code>) and is registered as an installable progressive web app via <code>static/manifest.json</code> and a service worker (<code>static/sw.js</code>).

== Data model ==

The database contains two tables.

=== User ===

<code>User</code> stores a single bootstrapped administrator account with an e-mail address, a Werkzeug password hash, and a creation timestamp. Sign-ups are disabled at the route level: the <code>/signup</code> endpoint flashes a notice and redirects to login. The administrator is created on application start from the <code>ADMIN_EMAIL</code> and <code>ADMIN_PASSWORD</code> environment variables if no matching row exists.

=== Story ===

<code>Story</code> stores the generated short fiction:

* ''id'' (primary key), an optional ''user_id'' foreign key (null for guest submissions), the three-sentence ''story_text'', the optional ''mood'', ''nouns'' and ''verbs'' seeds supplied by the requester, an optional ''image_path'' (relative to the static folder, e.g. <code>images/story_42.png</code>), the originating ''ip_address'' (indexed), and an indexed ''created_at'' timestamp.

== Story generation pipeline ==

Story generation is initiated by a POST to <code>/generate</code> and proceeds through several deterministic-and-random stages before the OpenAI call.

=== Seeds and knobs ===

A request may carry up to three optional free-text fields — ''noun'', ''verb'', and ''mood'' — which are passed to the model as "seeds" and validated for presence in the output. Around the seeds, the application constructs a compact JSON ''knobs'' object that nudges the model along several axes:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Dimension !! Pool size !! Examples
|-
| Perspective || 4 || first, second, third, omniscient
|-
| Structure || 8 || Discovery → Investigation → Revelation; Object → Rumor → Catastrophe; Signal → Interpretation → Realization; …
|-
| Time || 8 (forced ''ambiguous'') || Victorian era, distant past, mythic period, interwar, near-future of obsolete technology
|-
| Location || 50 || lighthouse, salt marsh, foundry, signal box, scriptorium, observatory, shipbreaker's yard, …
|-
| Situation || 32 || during a storm, at low tide, during a blackout, on the eve of demolition, while the clock refuses to strike, …
|-
| Lexical palette || 53 || nautical, horological, astronomical, archival, cartographic, mycological, glaciological, heraldic, …
|-
| Style constraint || 5 || include exactly one short line of dialogue; include a question; avoid the words "shadow" and "dim"; …
|-
| Sentence pattern || 3 || short → long → medium; medium → short → long; long → medium → short
|-
| Theme (only when no seeds) || 18 || forbidden knowledge, cosmic entities, inherited curses, mathematical theorems, astronomical observations, …
|}

The knobs object always carries the seeds and at most three additional dimensions. Three of the knobs — ''perspective'', ''structure'', and ''time'' — are selected ''deterministically'' from a SHA-256 hash of a salt composed of the current 30-minute time bucket, the requester's IP address, and the seed words; this guarantees that the same client requesting the same seeds inside the same half-hour window draws the same priority knobs. The previous story's knobs for that IP are read from the choices log and avoided where possible. ''Time'' is hard-pinned to <code>ambiguous</code> to suppress dated or era-specific references in the output. Lexicon and constraint values are sampled with the regular pseudo-random generator. Once all priority knobs are forced into the object, any non-priority extras are dropped at random until at most three non-seed knobs remain.

=== System rules ===

The system prompt instructs the model to produce a coherent short story of exactly three sentences in the style of H. P. Lovecraft, with no titles, lists, numbering, or blank lines. The tone must be grave, ominous, and unsettling, and never humorous. The model is forbidden to use the words "eldritch", "cyclopean", or "loathsome", and is forbidden to begin any line with one of six banned openings — "In the", "Beneath", "Under the", "Within the", "In the dim", and "In the shadow". Whimsical seeds are to be adapted with synonyms that preserve tone.

=== Model selection ===

The default text model is GPT-4o (configurable via <code>OPENAI_MODEL</code>) with a configurable fallback (<code>OPENAI_FALLBACK_MODEL</code>, also GPT-4o by default). A helper function inspects the installed OpenAI SDK at request time: if the configured model is in the <code>gpt-5</code> family but the SDK does not expose the Responses API, the call silently falls back to a chat-compatible model. When the Responses API is available it is preferred for all models, with the system rules supplied via the explicit <code>instructions</code> field. For <code>gpt-5</code> family models the call additionally injects a <code>reasoning</code> object (defaulting to ''effort: low'' but configurable via <code>OPENAI_REASONING_EFFORT</code>), drops the <code>temperature</code> and <code>top_p</code> parameters (which those models reject), and grants a higher <code>max_output_tokens</code> budget (1600 by default, raised to 2400 on retry) to absorb reasoning-token consumption. For non-reasoning models, ''temperature'' is sampled uniformly from [0.88, 1.05] and ''top_p'' is fixed at 0.92. Where the Responses API is unavailable, the call degrades to Chat Completions.

=== Validation and retry ===

After the call returns, the output is validated by a lightweight checker that enforces:

* Exactly three non-empty lines.
* No line beginning with any of the banned opening prefixes.
* Absence of the banned words.
* One terminal punctuation mark per line (no missing terminator, no more than two strong delimiters).

If the request supplied seeds, a second pass verifies that the noun appears in the text and that the verb (or a simple inflection thereof) appears as a whole word.

When validation fails, a single targeted retry is issued with a corrective prompt that names the specific failures, lowers the temperature slightly, and reuses the same knobs JSON. The retry result is accepted if it passes, or if it fails with strictly fewer issues than the original. If the model call itself fails — including the specific case where a <code>gpt-5</code> response is marked ''incomplete'' due to <code>max_output_tokens</code> — the pipeline retries once with a higher token budget, then attempts the configured fallback model, and finally falls back to a fixed three-sentence placeholder ("The moon borrowed a suitcase from a bewildered pigeon. …"). All failures surface to the user as Flask flash messages with appropriate severity.

=== Persistence and logging ===

The validated story text is written to a new <code>Story</code> row together with the seeds and originating IP. Image generation is then dispatched in a background daemon thread so the HTTP response returns immediately. Two structured logs are appended in JSON-Lines format under the Flask instance folder:

* <code>instance/choices.log.jsonl</code> records, per story, the seeds, the knobs JSON, the selected temperature and top_p, the model actually used, the configured model, and the validation outcome (including reasons and whether a retry was attempted).
* <code>instance/image.log.jsonl</code> records each image generation attempt with status (''success'', ''retry'', ''failed'', ''skipped''), error text, attempt count, image size, and image model.

== Image generation ==

Each story is paired with a square 1024×1024 illustration generated through the OpenAI image API.

=== Style cycling ===

The application maintains a counter file at <code>instance/image_style_cycle.txt</code> that walks deterministically through a library of fifteen monochrome engraving styles, including Victorian wood engraving, antique grimoire pen-and-ink, penny-dreadful frontispiece, steel engraving, copperplate etching, drypoint, mezzotint, aquatint-grained etching, scratchboard, Victorian scientific plate, woodcut, scanned 1860s book plate, fin-de-siècle symbolism, and Victorian reportage sketch. A threading lock guards the read-modify-write of the counter so that concurrent generations do not collide on the same style. If the counter file is missing or unreadable, a random style is chosen instead.

=== Prompt construction ===

The image prompt is assembled from four blocks:

# A composition directive specifying a square 1:1 aspect ratio, full-bleed framing with no borders or margins, and a centred subject.
# The selected style sentence from the cycling library.
# A "scanned 1860s book plate" line that asks for slight ink unevenness and faint paper texture.
# The story text itself, truncated to 900 characters with an ellipsis if longer.
# A trailing "Avoid:" clause that explicitly forbids colour, grayscale wash, painterly shading, photorealism, 3D rendering, borders, frames, mats, vignettes, modern comic or anime style, halftone dots, captions, readable text, watermarks, and signatures.

=== Image API and retries ===

The configured image model defaults to <code>gpt-image-1</code>; common typos such as <code>gpt-image-1.5</code> are normalised back to <code>gpt-image-1</code> at start-up. The output size is fixed at 1024×1024. Each generation tolerates up to three attempts (configurable via <code>IMAGE_RETRIES</code>) with exponential backoff starting at 1.5 seconds and capped at 10 seconds. If all attempts fail, a tiny placeholder GIF is written to disk under the name <code>story_<id>_placeholder.gif</code> and recorded as the story's image path so the front end always has something to display.

=== Post-processing ===

Successfully returned PNG bytes are passed through a Pillow-based post-processor that:

* Estimates the background colour from the four corner patches.
* Computes a difference image against a uniform background of that colour, raises its contrast, and finds the bounding box of meaningful content.
* Crops away any uniform border of more than ten pixels on any side, padded by two pixels to avoid clipping ink.
* Resizes the result back to 1024×1024 using Lanczos resampling and re-encodes as optimised PNG.

If Pillow is unavailable or any step fails, the original bytes are written through unchanged.

== Public interface ==

=== Home ===

The home page (<code>/</code>) renders the generation form together with a gallery of the five most recent stories that successfully produced an image. For unauthenticated visitors, the form is hidden and replaced by a rotating notice (one of twenty-two phrasings, selected from a SHA-256 hash of the visitor's IP and a six-hour bucket) when the visitor has already generated a story in the last 24 hours or when the site-wide guest cap has been reached. A footer-level statistics block displays the number of guest stories in the last 24 hours, the number of stories created by signed-in users in the same window, the all-time total, and the time elapsed since the most recent story.

=== Story detail ===

Each story is reachable at <code>/story/<id></code> and is publicly viewable regardless of authorship. The page presents the three sentences alongside the illustration; for the administrator, controls are exposed to regenerate the image (<code>/regenerate-image/<id></code>) or delete the story (<code>/story/<id>/delete</code>). A polling endpoint at <code>/api/story/<id>/status</code> returns a JSON document indicating whether a real image has yet been written, the URL of the image (or placeholder), and a flag distinguishing the two; the front end uses this to swap a placeholder GIF for the final image once background generation completes.

=== Archive ===

The archive (<code>/archive</code>) is a paginated chronological listing of all stories, nine per page, with previous/next navigation. There is no per-user filter — all stories are visible.

=== Authentication ===

<code>/login</code> accepts only the e-mail address configured in <code>ADMIN_EMAIL</code> and verifies the password against the stored Werkzeug hash. <code>/logout</code> ends the session. <code>/signup</code> is intentionally disabled.

=== Tagline rotation ===

The base template injects a "current tagline" string into every response. The selection is deterministic on the current 30-minute interval since the Unix epoch: the interval timestamp is used as a seed for the standard library random module, which then picks one of forty-five variant phrasings. All visitors served within the same half-hour see the same tagline; the tagline rotates without any database state.

== Rate limiting ==

Rate limiting is enforced for unauthenticated visitors only:

* '''Per-IP daily limit''': any IP that has produced a story within the last 24 hours is blocked from generating another (one story per visitor per day).
* '''Site-wide guest cap''': the total number of guest-authored stories in the last 24 hours must not exceed <code>GUEST_DAILY_CAP</code> (default 24). When the cap is reached, the form is hidden for all guests until older stories age out.

Both limits are evaluated at form render time (to hide the form) and at form submission time (to short-circuit the POST with a flashed warning and a redirect). Authenticated users have no rate limits and no per-IP enforcement.

The originating IP for limit accounting and for the <code>Story.ip_address</code> column is read from <code>X-Forwarded-For</code> when the request carries it (taking the first comma-separated value), and from <code>request.remote_addr</code> otherwise.

The application reads its configuration from environment variables loaded via python-dotenv:

== Deployment ==

The production deployment is an Ubuntu VPS running a systemd unit (<code>acbc.service</code>) that launches Gunicorn with three workers, bound to a Unix domain socket under the project directory. Nginx terminates HTTPS (provisioned by [[Let's Encrypt]] via Certbot), serves the <code>static/</code> directory directly with a one-year immutable cache header, and proxies all other requests to the Gunicorn socket. The service runs as the <code>django</code> system user out of <code>/home/django/acbc</code>.

== Security and authorisation ==

* Sign-ups are disabled; only the bootstrapped administrator account can authenticate.
* Login attempts for any e-mail other than <code>ADMIN_EMAIL</code> are rejected without a database query.
* The image-deletion helper refuses to remove any path that does not begin with <code>images/</code> or that, after canonicalisation, falls outside the configured upload folder, providing protection against path-traversal in stored data.
* Story deletion requires either the administrator session or ownership of the row; image regeneration requires the administrator session.
* The story-status JSON endpoint returns no user-identifying information beyond the public fields rendered on the story page.

== See also ==

* [[OpenAI]]
* [[Flask (web framework)]]
* [[H. P. Lovecraft]]
* [[Computational creativity]]
* [[Generative artificial intelligence]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

Yusupov.cloud

Mvuijlst — Thu, 23 Apr 2026 14:42:57 GMT

Subdomains and projects

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:42, 23 April 2026
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	Publicly visible projects include:		Publicly visible projects include:

	* [https://acbc.yusupov.cloud acbc.yusupov.cloud] — ''A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities'', generating tiny three-sentence surreal/horror micro-stories with an hourly cadence and an archive. (Built with Flask per operator.)<ref name="acbc-home">A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities (home), ''acbc.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://acbc.yusupov.cloud/</ref>		* [https://acbc.yusupov.cloud acbc.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities]]'', generating tiny three-sentence surreal/horror micro-stories with an hourly cadence and an archive. (Built with Flask per operator.)<ref name="acbc-home">A Cabinet of Brief Curiosities (home), ''acbc.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://acbc.yusupov.cloud/</ref>
	* [https://agenda.yusupov.cloud agenda.yusupov.cloud] — ''A Life in Planners'', a structured journal chronicling the final years of the operator’s mother, with calendar, food, medications, measurements, and statistics views (multilingual UI).<ref name="agenda">“A life in planners,” ''agenda.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://agenda.yusupov.cloud/</ref>		* [https://agenda.yusupov.cloud agenda.yusupov.cloud] — ''A Life in Planners'', a structured journal chronicling the final years of the operator’s mother, with calendar, food, medications, measurements, and statistics views (multilingual UI).<ref name="agenda">“A life in planners,” ''agenda.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://agenda.yusupov.cloud/</ref>
	* [https://cloud.yusupov.cloud cloud.yusupov.cloud] — a series of static html creative coding experiments, simulations, and games including: timebeat, fire and snake simulations, biomass metaballs, cs3, ''Cross'' crossword puzzle game, image dithering tool, books, ''Elite Galaxy Explorer'', ZX Spectrum loading screen simulator, Carcassonne, 3D boids flocking algorithm, physarum slime mold simulation, temps temperature visualization, ''The Chronicle of Hamurabi'' ancient Sumeria resource management game, and gatekeeper.<ref name="cloud-home">"cloud," ''cloud.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 12 April 2026, https://cloud.yusupov.cloud/</ref>		* [https://cloud.yusupov.cloud cloud.yusupov.cloud] — a series of static html creative coding experiments, simulations, and games including: timebeat, fire and snake simulations, biomass metaballs, cs3, ''Cross'' crossword puzzle game, image dithering tool, books, ''Elite Galaxy Explorer'', ZX Spectrum loading screen simulator, Carcassonne, 3D boids flocking algorithm, physarum slime mold simulation, temps temperature visualization, ''The Chronicle of Hamurabi'' ancient Sumeria resource management game, and gatekeeper.<ref name="cloud-home">"cloud," ''cloud.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 12 April 2026, https://cloud.yusupov.cloud/</ref>

Nomos

Mvuijlst — Mon, 20 Apr 2026 15:42:17 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:42, 20 April 2026
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	\| 05_genre = AI-generated legal document archive		\| 05_genre = AI-generated legal document archive
	\| 06_language = Python		\| 06_language = Python
	\| 07_framework = [[Django]] ~~6.0~~ / [[Wagtail]] ~~7.3~~		\| 07_framework = [[Django]] / [[Wagtail]]
	\| 08_license = Proprietary		\| 08_license = Proprietary
	}}		}}
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	== Technology stack ==		== Technology stack ==

	The application is built on Django ~~6.0.4~~ with Wagtail ~~7.3.1~~ as its content management framework and [[SQLite]] as its development database.~~<ref name="requirements">requirements.txt lists Django 6.0.4, wagtail 7.3.1, openai 2.32.0, requests 2.33.1, python-dotenv 1.2.2, beautifulsoup4 4.14.3, and Pillow 12.2.0.</ref>~~ Additional dependencies include the [[OpenAI]] Python client for language-model calls, [[Requests (software)\|Requests]] for HTTP communication with the Vlaamse Codex API, [[Beautiful Soup (HTML parser)\|Beautiful Soup]] for scraping title inspiration from the Belgisch Staatsblad, [[Pillow (imaging library)\|Pillow]] as a Wagtail dependency, and [[python-dotenv]] for environment configuration. The front end uses [[Bootstrap]] ~~5.3.8~~ loaded from the jsDelivr CDN with subresource integrity hashes. All user interface text is in Dutch. The planned production deployment targets a Hetzner VPS behind [[Nginx]] with [[Gunicorn]] and [[PostgreSQL]].		The application is built on Django with Wagtail as its content management framework and [[SQLite]] as its development database. Additional dependencies include the [[OpenAI]] Python client for language-model calls, [[Requests (software)\|Requests]] for HTTP communication with the Vlaamse Codex API, [[Beautiful Soup (HTML parser)\|Beautiful Soup]] for scraping title inspiration from the Belgisch Staatsblad, [[Pillow (imaging library)\|Pillow]] as a Wagtail dependency, and [[python-dotenv]] for environment configuration. The front end uses [[Bootstrap]] loaded from the jsDelivr CDN with subresource integrity hashes. All user interface text is in Dutch. The planned production deployment targets a Hetzner VPS behind [[Nginx]] with [[Gunicorn]] and [[PostgreSQL]].

	== Data model ==		== Data model ==
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	* ''seed_document'' (<code>TextField</code>) — human-readable label recording the type and title of the source document.		* ''seed_document'' (<code>TextField</code>) — human-readable label recording the type and title of the source document.
	* ''generation_notes'' (<code>TextField</code>) — an LLM-generated human-readable summary describing how the generated document differs from its source.		* ''generation_notes'' (<code>TextField</code>) — an LLM-generated human-readable summary describing how the generated document differs from its source.
			* ''revision_notes'' (<code>TextField</code>) — an LLM-generated summary of the subtle details introduced during the revision stage (see below); empty if the revision was rejected or produced no changes.

	Full-text search is indexed on ''full_title'' and ''body'' via Wagtail's database search backend.		Full-text search is indexed on ''full_title'' and ''body'' via Wagtail's database search backend.
Line 34:		Line 35:
	== Generation pipeline ==		== Generation pipeline ==

	Generation is driven by the <code>generate_decree</code> management command, which invokes a ~~five~~-stage pipeline implemented in <code>nomos/services/generator.py</code>. The pipeline retries up to three times if validation fails.		Generation is driven by the <code>generate_decree</code> management command, which invokes a multi-stage pipeline implemented in <code>nomos/services/generator.py</code>. The pipeline retries up to three times if validation fails.

	=== Stage 1: Structural sourcing ===		=== Stage 1: Structural sourcing ===
Line 57:		Line 58:
	=== Topic inspiration ===		=== Topic inspiration ===

	Before generating, the pipeline scrapes the ''Belgisch Staatsblad'' website (<code>ejustice.just.fgov.be</code>) for a random document title to use as thematic inspiration. Federal and national references in the scraped title are replaced with Flemish equivalents using a table of 17 substitution pairs — for example, "Federale Overheidsdienst" becomes "Vlaamse overheidsdienst," "Koninklijk besluit" becomes "Besluit van de Vlaamse Regering," and "België" becomes "Vlaanderen." If the scrape fails, generation proceeds without a topic hint.		Before generating, the pipeline scrapes the ''Belgisch Staatsblad'' website (<code>ejustice.just.fgov.be</code>) for a random document title to use as thematic inspiration. To avoid reusing the same inspiration across runs, the scraper selects a random publication date from the past 90 days rather than always fetching the current edition. Federal and national references in the scraped title are replaced with Flemish equivalents using a table of 17 substitution pairs — for example, "Federale Overheidsdienst" becomes "Vlaamse overheidsdienst," "Koninklijk besluit" becomes "Besluit van de Vlaamse Regering," and "België" becomes "Vlaanderen." If the scrape fails, generation proceeds without a topic hint.

	=== Stage 2: Technical mutation ===		=== Stage 2: Technical mutation ===

	The seed document's title (''opschrift'') is sent to the OpenAI Chat Completions API (~~default~~ model~~: GPT-5,~~ configurable via the <code>OPENAI_MODEL</code> environment variable). The system prompt instructs the model to behave as an expert in Flemish legislation and to perform a semantic shift: replace the core subject with a plausible but fictional technical equivalent while preserving the exact grammatical structure and bureaucratic tone. If a topic hint was obtained from the Belgisch Staatsblad, it is included as thematic guidance.~~<ref name="temperature">GPT-5 does not support custom temperature values. All API calls use the model's default temperature (1).</ref>~~		The seed document's title (''opschrift'') is sent to the OpenAI Chat Completions API (the model is configurable via the <code>OPENAI_MODEL</code> environment variable). The system prompt instructs the model to behave as an expert in Flemish legislation and to perform a semantic shift: replace the core subject with a plausible but fictional technical equivalent while preserving the exact grammatical structure and bureaucratic tone. If a topic hint was obtained from the Belgisch Staatsblad, it is included as thematic guidance.

	=== Stage 3: Administrative drafting ===		=== Stage 3: Administrative drafting ===
Line 73:		Line 74:

	The output is requested as clean HTML using <code><h2></code>, <code><h3></code>, <code><p></code>, <code><ol></code>, and <code><li></code> elements, without a top-level heading (which is rendered separately on the page).		The output is requested as clean HTML using <code><h2></code>, <code><h3></code>, <code><p></code>, <code><ol></code>, and <code><li></code> elements, without a top-level heading (which is rendered separately on the page).

			=== Stage 3b: Subtle revision ===

			After drafting, the full text is sent to an additional API call that introduces ''defamiliarisation through precision'': the model is instructed to locate 3 to 5 passages dealing with execution, control, materials, or conditions, and to make a single local detail in each slightly more specific or procedural than necessary — for example, adding an unexpectedly precise measurement, a format requirement, or a procedural substep. The changes must be strictly additive; no text may be removed or truncated. Two programmatic guards run before the revision is accepted: an identity check rejects revisions that return the text unchanged, and a length check rejects revisions where the word count drops below 95% of the original (indicating deleted content). If a revision fails either guard, it is retried once. A separate validation call (the ''revision scrub'') then checks whether the revision shifted the main subject, introduced too many or contextually inappropriate details, or deleted content. If the revision is rejected or produced no changes, the unrevised text is used.

	=== Stage 4: Juridical scrub ===		=== Stage 4: Juridical scrub ===
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	=== Stage 5: Generation notes ===		=== Stage 5: Generation notes ===

	After successful validation, ~~a final~~ API call generates a human-readable summary of the transformation. The model is instructed to act as an archivist and to describe in one or two plain-language sentences how the new document's subject differs from the original, without technical jargon.		After successful validation, an API call generates a human-readable summary of the transformation. The model is instructed to act as an archivist and to describe in one or two plain-language sentences how the new document's subject differs from the original, without technical jargon. If the subtle revision was accepted, a second call compares the pre- and post-revision texts word by word and produces a bullet-point list of the specific passages that were changed, stored as ''revision_notes''.

	=== Text sanitisation ===		=== Text sanitisation ===

	All generated text is passed through a sanitisation function that strips Unicode control characters (C0/C1 range, excluding newlines and tabs), applies NFC normalisation, removes empty list items and orphaned list wrappers from the HTML, and cleans whitespace artifacts. This addresses a known issue where ~~GPT-5~~ occasionally ~~emits~~ ASCII control characters in place of Unicode punctuation.		All generated text is passed through a sanitisation function that strips Unicode control characters (C0/C1 range, excluding newlines and tabs), applies NFC normalisation, removes empty list items and orphaned list wrappers from the HTML, and cleans whitespace artifacts. This addresses a known issue where some language models occasionally emit ASCII control characters in place of Unicode punctuation.

	=== Persistence ===		=== Persistence ===
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	=== Visual design ===		=== Visual design ===

	The interface is inspired by the [[GOV.UK Design System]]. The base template features a dark masthead with a yellow (<code>#ffe615</code>) accent border, the site name "Nomos" as a navigation link, and a dark/light mode toggle button. The toggle uses CSS custom properties for theming and persists the user's preference in <code>localStorage</code>. In dark mode, the masthead shifts to <code>#1a1a1a</code>, links become lighter, and status tag colours are adjusted for contrast. A responsive layout collapses the summary list key/value pairs into a single column below 576px.		The interface is very loosely inspired by the [[GOV.UK Design System]]. The base template features a dark masthead with a yellow (<code>#ffe615</code>) accent border, the site name "Nomos" as a navigation link, and a dark/light mode toggle button. The toggle uses CSS custom properties for theming and persists the user's preference in <code>localStorage</code>. In dark mode, the masthead shifts to <code>#1a1a1a</code>, links become lighter, and status tag colours are adjusted for contrast. A responsive layout collapses the summary list key/value pairs into a single column below 576px.

	== Administration ==		== Administration ==

	The application uses the standard Wagtail admin interface ~~at <code>/admin/</code>~~. <code>DecreePage</code> content panels expose the instrument type, full title, body, publication date, and status. A separate "Generatie-informatie" settings panel groups the seed ID, seed reference URL, seed document description, and ~~generation~~ notes — metadata that is recorded automatically during generation and is accessible to editors but not displayed on the public site.		The application uses the standard Wagtail admin interface. <code>DecreePage</code> content panels expose the instrument type, full title, body, publication date, and status. A separate "Generatie-informatie" settings panel groups the seed ID, seed reference URL, seed document description, generation notes, and revision notes — metadata that is recorded automatically during generation and is accessible to editors but not displayed on the public site.

	The Django admin is available ~~at <code>/django-admin/</code>~~ for lower-level database access.		The Django admin is available for lower-level database access.

	== Logging ==		== Logging ==
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	! Command !! Purpose		! Command !! Purpose
	\|-		\|-
	\| <code>generate_decree</code> \|\| Run the full ~~five-stage~~ pipeline: fetch seed, tilt title, draft decree, validate, generate notes, and publish as a Wagtail page		\| <code>generate_decree</code> \|\| Run the full generation pipeline: fetch seed, tilt title, draft decree, apply subtle revision, validate, generate notes, and publish as a Wagtail page
	\|-		\|-
	\| <code>setup_index_page</code> \|\| Create the <code>DecreeIndexPage</code> as the site root (idempotent); removes the default Wagtail welcome page if present		\| <code>setup_index_page</code> \|\| Create the <code>DecreeIndexPage</code> as the site root (idempotent); removes the default Wagtail welcome page if present

Nomos

Mvuijlst — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 23:18:18 GMT

Created page with "{{Infobox | 01_name = Nomos | 02_url = https://nomos.yusupov.cloud | 03_developer = Michel Vuijlsteke | 04_released = 2026 | 05_genre = AI-generated legal document archive | 06_language = Python | 07_framework = Django 6.0 / Wagtail 7.3 | 08_license = Proprietary }} '''Nomos''' is a web application hosted at <code>nomos.yusupov.cloud</code> that generates and publishes AI-created Flemish administrative legislation. Each..."

New page

{{Infobox
| 01_name = Nomos
| 02_url = https://nomos.yusupov.cloud
| 03_developer = Michel Vuijlsteke
| 04_released = 2026
| 05_genre = AI-generated legal document archive
| 06_language = Python
| 07_framework = [[Django]] 6.0 / [[Wagtail]] 7.3
| 08_license = Proprietary
}}

'''Nomos''' is a web application hosted at <code>nomos.yusupov.cloud</code> that generates and publishes AI-created Flemish administrative legislation. Each day, the system fetches a real document from the Vlaamse Codex open-data API, performs a semantic shift on its subject matter using a large language model, and produces a structurally faithful but entirely fictional legal text — a decree, ministerial order, or circular — that reads as if it were published in the ''Belgisch Staatsblad''. The generated documents are stored in a [[Wagtail (CMS)|Wagtail]] content management system and presented through a GOV.UK-inspired Dutch-language public interface. The name ''Nomos'' derives from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] word νόμος, meaning "law."

== Technology stack ==

The application is built on Django 6.0.4 with Wagtail 7.3.1 as its content management framework and [[SQLite]] as its development database.<ref name="requirements">requirements.txt lists Django 6.0.4, wagtail 7.3.1, openai 2.32.0, requests 2.33.1, python-dotenv 1.2.2, beautifulsoup4 4.14.3, and Pillow 12.2.0.</ref> Additional dependencies include the [[OpenAI]] Python client for language-model calls, [[Requests (software)|Requests]] for HTTP communication with the Vlaamse Codex API, [[Beautiful Soup (HTML parser)|Beautiful Soup]] for scraping title inspiration from the Belgisch Staatsblad, [[Pillow (imaging library)|Pillow]] as a Wagtail dependency, and [[python-dotenv]] for environment configuration. The front end uses [[Bootstrap]] 5.3.8 loaded from the jsDelivr CDN with subresource integrity hashes. All user interface text is in Dutch. The planned production deployment targets a Hetzner VPS behind [[Nginx]] with [[Gunicorn]] and [[PostgreSQL]].

== Data model ==

The data model uses Wagtail's page tree. A singleton <code>DecreeIndexPage</code> (limited to <code>max_count = 1</code>) serves as the parent of all generated documents. Each document is a <code>DecreePage</code> with the following fields:

* ''instrument'' — one of four types: Decreet, Besluit, Omzendbrief, or Reglement.
* ''full_title'' (<code>TextField</code>) — the complete title, unlimited in length. The standard Wagtail ''title'' field (255-character limit) holds a truncated copy for internal use.
* ''body'' (<code>RichTextField</code>) — the full HTML text of the generated legislation.
* ''publication_date'' (<code>DateField</code>) — set to the generation date.
* ''status'' — either ''Geldig'' (valid) or ''Gearchiveerd'' (archived); defaults to Geldig.
* ''seed_id'' (<code>IntegerField</code>, unique, nullable) — the numeric ID of the source document in the Vlaamse Codex, used for deduplication to ensure no seed is used twice.
* ''seed_reference'' (<code>URLField</code>) — direct API link to the source document.
* ''seed_document'' (<code>TextField</code>) — human-readable label recording the type and title of the source document.
* ''generation_notes'' (<code>TextField</code>) — an LLM-generated human-readable summary describing how the generated document differs from its source.

Full-text search is indexed on ''full_title'' and ''body'' via Wagtail's database search backend.

== Generation pipeline ==

Generation is driven by the <code>generate_decree</code> management command, which invokes a five-stage pipeline implemented in <code>nomos/services/generator.py</code>. The pipeline retries up to three times if validation fails.

=== Stage 1: Structural sourcing ===

The <code>pick_random_seed()</code> function in <code>nomos/services/codex.py</code> fetches up to 200 recent documents from the Vlaamse Codex open-data API (<code>codex.opendata.api.vlaanderen.be</code>). Candidates are filtered to four allowed document types:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Codex type !! Mapped instrument
|-
| Decreet || DECREET
|-
| Besluit van de Vlaamse Regering || BESLUIT
|-
| Ministerieel besluit || BESLUIT
|-
| Omzendbrief || OMZENDBRIEF
|}

Documents whose <code>seed_id</code> already exists in the database are excluded. The remaining candidates are grouped by type, and a weighted random selection favours types that have been used less frequently in the preceding seven days. For each recently used instrument, the selection weight is reduced by two per occurrence (minimum weight of 1). Once a seed is selected, the system fetches its full detail and chapter/section structure from the API.

=== Topic inspiration ===

Before generating, the pipeline scrapes the ''Belgisch Staatsblad'' website (<code>ejustice.just.fgov.be</code>) for a random document title to use as thematic inspiration. Federal and national references in the scraped title are replaced with Flemish equivalents using a table of 17 substitution pairs — for example, "Federale Overheidsdienst" becomes "Vlaamse overheidsdienst," "Koninklijk besluit" becomes "Besluit van de Vlaamse Regering," and "België" becomes "Vlaanderen." If the scrape fails, generation proceeds without a topic hint.

=== Stage 2: Technical mutation ===

The seed document's title (''opschrift'') is sent to the OpenAI Chat Completions API (default model: GPT-5, configurable via the <code>OPENAI_MODEL</code> environment variable). The system prompt instructs the model to behave as an expert in Flemish legislation and to perform a semantic shift: replace the core subject with a plausible but fictional technical equivalent while preserving the exact grammatical structure and bureaucratic tone. If a topic hint was obtained from the Belgisch Staatsblad, it is included as thematic guidance.<ref name="temperature">GPT-5 does not support custom temperature values. All API calls use the model's default temperature (1).</ref>

=== Stage 3: Administrative drafting ===

The tilted title, the seed document's full text (up to 4,000 characters), and its structural outline are sent to a second API call. The system prompt instructs the model to act as a legislative jurist of the Flemish government and to rewrite the source document about the new subject. Strict structural parity rules are enforced:

* The output must contain the exact same number of chapters (''hoofdstukken''), sections (''afdelingen''), and articles (''artikelen'') as the source.
* If the source has no chapter divisions, the output must not introduce them.
* The total length must be comparable to the source.
* Content must be entirely original — only the form is emulated.

The output is requested as clean HTML using <code><h2></code>, <code><h3></code>, <code><p></code>, <code><ol></code>, and <code><li></code> elements, without a top-level heading (which is rendered separately on the page).

=== Stage 4: Juridical scrub ===

The generated HTML is submitted to a validation call in which the model acts as a quality controller. It checks for the presence of narrative, poetic, or metaphorical language; references to fiction, imagination, or art; and humor or irony. Documents that do not read as authentic administrative texts are rejected with a reason. If all three attempts fail validation, the pipeline raises an error.

=== Stage 5: Generation notes ===

After successful validation, a final API call generates a human-readable summary of the transformation. The model is instructed to act as an archivist and to describe in one or two plain-language sentences how the new document's subject differs from the original, without technical jargon.

=== Text sanitisation ===

All generated text is passed through a sanitisation function that strips Unicode control characters (C0/C1 range, excluding newlines and tabs), applies NFC normalisation, removes empty list items and orphaned list wrappers from the HTML, and cleans whitespace artifacts. This addresses a known issue where GPT-5 occasionally emits ASCII control characters in place of Unicode punctuation.

=== Persistence ===

The <code>save_decree()</code> function in <code>nomos/services/storage.py</code> creates a <code>DecreePage</code> as a child of the <code>DecreeIndexPage</code>. The slug is derived from the title (truncated to 200 characters) and made unique by appending a numeric suffix if necessary. The page is published immediately via Wagtail's <code>save_revision().publish()</code> mechanism. The publication date is set to the current date and the status defaults to ''Geldig''.

== Anti-sameness system ==

To prevent the archive from becoming repetitive, the system employs two mechanisms:

* '''Seed deduplication''': the <code>seed_id</code> field (unique integer) ensures that no Vlaamse Codex document is used as a source more than once. Before selecting a seed, the pipeline queries all existing <code>seed_id</code> values and excludes them from the candidate pool.
* '''Type-weighted selection''': the <code>_get_recent_type_counts()</code> function counts how many times each instrument type has appeared in the last seven days. Types with higher recent counts receive proportionally lower selection weights, encouraging the system to alternate between decrees, orders, and circulars.

== Public interface ==

=== Index page ===

The index page lists all published <code>DecreePage</code> children ordered by publication date (newest first). A search bar and an instrument type dropdown filter are provided. Search uses Wagtail's database search backend, querying the ''full_title'' and ''body'' fields. The type filter applies an exact match on the ''instrument'' field. Each list entry displays the full title, publication date, instrument type label, and a colour-coded status tag (green for ''Geldig'', grey for ''Gearchiveerd'').

=== Document detail page ===

Each decree page displays:

* A breadcrumb navigation link back to the index page.
* The full title as a top-level heading.
* A GOV.UK-style summary list with key/value rows for document type, publication date, and status (rendered as a tag badge).
* The full decree body rendered as rich text.

=== Visual design ===

The interface is inspired by the [[GOV.UK Design System]]. The base template features a dark masthead with a yellow (<code>#ffe615</code>) accent border, the site name "Nomos" as a navigation link, and a dark/light mode toggle button. The toggle uses CSS custom properties for theming and persists the user's preference in <code>localStorage</code>. In dark mode, the masthead shifts to <code>#1a1a1a</code>, links become lighter, and status tag colours are adjusted for contrast. A responsive layout collapses the summary list key/value pairs into a single column below 576px.

== Administration ==

The application uses the standard Wagtail admin interface at <code>/admin/</code>. <code>DecreePage</code> content panels expose the instrument type, full title, body, publication date, and status. A separate "Generatie-informatie" settings panel groups the seed ID, seed reference URL, seed document description, and generation notes — metadata that is recorded automatically during generation and is accessible to editors but not displayed on the public site.

The Django admin is available at <code>/django-admin/</code> for lower-level database access.

== Logging ==

Application logging is configured with two handlers: console output and a rotating file log (<code>nomos.log</code> in the project root). The <code>nomos</code> logger is set to <code>INFO</code> level and records each pipeline stage (seed selection, title tilting, drafting, validation, publication) with document identifiers and truncated titles.

== Management commands ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Command !! Purpose
|-
| <code>generate_decree</code> || Run the full five-stage pipeline: fetch seed, tilt title, draft decree, validate, generate notes, and publish as a Wagtail page
|-
| <code>setup_index_page</code> || Create the <code>DecreeIndexPage</code> as the site root (idempotent); removes the default Wagtail welcome page if present
|}

== Deployment ==

The planned production deployment targets <code>nomos.yusupov.cloud</code> on a Hetzner VPS running [[Nginx]] as a reverse proxy, [[Gunicorn]] as the WSGI application server, and [[PostgreSQL]] as the production database (replacing SQLite). TLS is to be provided by [[Let's Encrypt]] via Certbot. Daily generation is to be scheduled via cron calling <code>python manage.py generate_decree</code>.

== See also ==

* [[OpenAI]]
* [[Django (web framework)]]
* [[Wagtail (CMS)]]
* [[Vlaamse Codex]]
* [[Computational creativity]]
* [[Procedural generation]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

Yusupov.cloud

Mvuijlst — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 23:18:06 GMT

Subdomains and projects

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:18, 19 April 2026
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	* [https://digest.yusupov.cloud digest.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Digest]]'', daily seasonal AI-assisted recipes inspired by current events, browsable by meal type and ingredients.<ref name="digest-home">“Digest — Daily recipes inspired by the news,” ''digest.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://digest.yusupov.cloud/</ref>		* [https://digest.yusupov.cloud digest.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Digest]]'', daily seasonal AI-assisted recipes inspired by current events, browsable by meal type and ingredients.<ref name="digest-home">“Digest — Daily recipes inspired by the news,” ''digest.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://digest.yusupov.cloud/</ref>
	* [https://echoes.yusupov.cloud echoes.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Echoes of What Wasn't]]'', an AI-generated alternate-history newspaper presenting richly detailed articles about historical events as if they had unfolded differently. A pipeline scrapes real events from multilingual Wikipedia, uses OpenAI to craft a divergent narrative with period-appropriate prose and DALL-E imagery, and publishes via a REST API. Features article browsing by month, a "Where/When" interactive map-and-timeline view using Leaflet, and a picture desk. (Built with Wagtail 7/Django 5 per operator.)<ref name="echoes-home">"Echoes — Dispatches from Histories That Never Were," ''echoes.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 12 April 2026, https://echoes.yusupov.cloud/</ref>		* [https://echoes.yusupov.cloud echoes.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Echoes of What Wasn't]]'', an AI-generated alternate-history newspaper presenting richly detailed articles about historical events as if they had unfolded differently. A pipeline scrapes real events from multilingual Wikipedia, uses OpenAI to craft a divergent narrative with period-appropriate prose and DALL-E imagery, and publishes via a REST API. Features article browsing by month, a "Where/When" interactive map-and-timeline view using Leaflet, and a picture desk. (Built with Wagtail 7/Django 5 per operator.)<ref name="echoes-home">"Echoes — Dispatches from Histories That Never Were," ''echoes.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 12 April 2026, https://echoes.yusupov.cloud/</ref>
			* [https://nomos.yusupov.cloud nomos.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Nomos]]'', a daily-generating archive of fictional Flemish administrative legislation, where real Vlaamse Codex documents are semantically shifted by GPT-5 into structurally faithful but entirely invented decrees, orders, and circulars. (Built with Wagtail 7/Django 6 per operator.)
	* [https://quidlibet.yusupov.cloud quidlibet.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Quidlibet]]'', an app that generates fictional books complete with synopsis, author bio, and faux reviews; includes genre and author archives. (Built with Flask per operator.)<ref name="quidlibet-home">“Quidlibet — Book Generator,” ''quidlibet.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://quidlibet.yusupov.cloud/</ref>		* [https://quidlibet.yusupov.cloud quidlibet.yusupov.cloud] — ''[[Quidlibet]]'', an app that generates fictional books complete with synopsis, author bio, and faux reviews; includes genre and author archives. (Built with Flask per operator.)<ref name="quidlibet-home">“Quidlibet — Book Generator,” ''quidlibet.yusupov.cloud'', accessed 10 October 2025, https://quidlibet.yusupov.cloud/</ref>
	* [https://tyov-web.yusupov.cloud tyov-web.yusupov.cloud] — a web implementation of the solo RPG ''[[Thousand Year Old Vampire]]'', with Django 5 backend and Vue 3 frontend. (Per operator.)		* [https://tyov-web.yusupov.cloud tyov-web.yusupov.cloud] — a web implementation of the solo RPG ''[[Thousand Year Old Vampire]]'', with Django 5 backend and Vue 3 frontend. (Per operator.)
Line 27:		Line 28:

	* skills.yusupov.cloud — a skills matrix application. (Per operator.)		* skills.yusupov.cloud — a skills matrix application. (Per operator.)
	* resources.yusupov.cloud — a simple resource ~~plannign~~ calendar. (Per operator.)		* resources.yusupov.cloud — a simple resource planning calendar. (Per operator.)

	== Technology ==		== Technology ==

Michel Vuijlsteke

Mvuijlst — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 21:15:40 GMT

Volunteering

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:15, 19 April 2026
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	== Volunteering ==		== Volunteering ==
	* At [[cirQ]] he contributed to productions such as ''Datakamp'' (2017), ''Batacratie'' (2018), ''Batastunt'' (2019) and ''cirQ TV'' during the COVID lockdown. He returned to cirQ in 2025 for ''Bataknar 2.0''<ref name="cv" />		* At [[cirQ]] he contributed to productions such as ''Datakamp'' (2017), ''Batacratie'' (2018), ''Batastunt'' (2019) and ''cirQ TV'' during the COVID lockdown. He returned to cirQ in 2025 for ''Bataknar 2.0''<ref name="cv" />
	* At [[~~Copmpanie~~ Cordial]] (then ''Refu Interim'') he built a volunteer-management application and is a member of the Board<ref name="cv" />		* At [[Companie Cordial]] (then ''Refu Interim'') he built a volunteer-management application and is a member of the Board<ref name="cv" />
	* For [[Gentblogt]] he wrote articles and took photos for many years, later serving as chair of the non-profit.<ref name="cv" />		* For [[Gentblogt]] he wrote articles and took photos for many years, later serving as chair of the non-profit.<ref name="cv" />
	* For [[Doorway Productions]] he worked as a screenwriter and script doctor.<ref name="cv" />		* For [[Doorway Productions]] he worked as a screenwriter and script doctor.<ref name="cv" />

Digest

Mvuijlst — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:28:35 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:28, 19 April 2026
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	# Variation picks are drawn for recipe type, technique, protein, base, and connection style.		# Variation picks are drawn for recipe type, technique, protein, base, and connection style.
	# A structured prompt is assembled, instructing the model to act as a professional recipe developer, invent one realistic recipe that a home cook in Belgium can make using seasonally appropriate ingredients, stay within 75 minutes total time, and use the drawn picks. The prompt includes both article summaries and one extra recipe reference from the inspiration pool (with a 2:1 preference for VRT over NYT sources).		# A structured prompt is assembled, instructing the model to act as a professional recipe developer, invent one realistic recipe that a home cook in Belgium can make using seasonally appropriate ingredients, stay within 75 minutes total time, and use the drawn picks. The prompt includes both article summaries and one extra recipe reference from the inspiration pool (with a 2:1 preference for VRT over NYT sources).
			# An ingredient diversity constraint is injected: the system queries the last seven recipes' ingredients and flags any non-staple ingredient that appears in three or more of them. Flagged ingredients are added to the prompt as a hard exclusion list ("MUST NOT be used in this recipe"). A curated set of approximately 40 pantry staples — salt, oil, butter, garlic, onion, flour, water, lemon, parsley, and similar basics — is exempt from this check. The constraint is self-correcting: once a previously overused ingredient drops below the threshold it is automatically unblocked.
	# The prompt is appended with strict JSON schema instructions specifying the output format: name, intro, inspiration, visual description, servings, times, typed ingredient groups with quantities and units, titled instruction groups, and a recipe type from the canonical list.		# The prompt is appended with strict JSON schema instructions specifying the output format: name, intro, inspiration, visual description, servings, times, typed ingredient groups with quantities and units, titled instruction groups, and a recipe type from the canonical list.

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	* Normalises instruction groups: merges untitled single-step groups into one, handles multiple JSON shapes (list of strings, list of dicts with <code>step</code> or <code>text</code> keys, plain text blobs), and filters artifacts shorter than three characters.		* Normalises instruction groups: merges untitled single-step groups into one, handles multiple JSON shapes (list of strings, list of dicts with <code>step</code> or <code>text</code> keys, plain text blobs), and filters artifacts shorter than three characters.
	* Triggers hero image generation (non-fatal by default; controlled by the <code>OPENAI_IMAGE_REQUIRED</code> setting).		* Triggers hero image generation (non-fatal by default; controlled by the <code>OPENAI_IMAGE_REQUIRED</code> setting).

			=== Text sanitisation ===

			All generated text fields are passed through a sanitisation function before database persistence. This addresses a known issue where certain language models (notably GPT-5) emit ASCII control characters in place of Unicode punctuation — for example, <code>U+0019</code> followed by a digit where an en-dash should appear, or <code>U+0019</code> followed by <code>s</code> where a right single quotation mark is intended. The sanitisation function applies pattern-based corrections for these control character sequences, normalises Unicode dashes and quotation marks to their ASCII equivalents, and strips any remaining C0 control characters. The function is applied to the recipe name, intro, inspiration, visual description, all ingredient names and notes, and all instruction steps and group titles.

	== Hero image generation ==		== Hero image generation ==
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	* ''Ingredients'' (<code>/ingredients/</code>): a master ingredient index with recipe usage counts, linking to paginated ingredient detail pages (12 recipes per page).		* ''Ingredients'' (<code>/ingredients/</code>): a master ingredient index with recipe usage counts, linking to paginated ingredient detail pages (12 recipes per page).
	* ''Categories'' (<code>/categories/</code>): a hierarchical ingredient category tree with subcategories and ingredient counts, linking to paginated category detail pages (24 items per page).		* ''Categories'' (<code>/categories/</code>): a hierarchical ingredient category tree with subcategories and ingredient counts, linking to paginated category detail pages (24 items per page).
			* ''Calendar'' (<code>/year/</code>): a year-view calendar displaying all twelve months in a responsive grid. Days on which at least one recipe was published (across all years) are rendered as hyperlinks to a day detail page (<code>/year/MM/DD/</code>), which lists all recipes for that month-and-day combination regardless of year, using the same card layout and pagination as the type detail pages.
	* ''About'' (<code>/about/</code>): a static information page.		* ''About'' (<code>/about/</code>): a static information page.

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	\|-		\|-
	\| <code>gen_recipe_from_nyt</code> \|\| Full pipeline: fetch NYT articles, build prompt with variation rotation, generate recipe, optionally save to database		\| <code>gen_recipe_from_nyt</code> \|\| Full pipeline: fetch NYT articles, build prompt with variation rotation, generate recipe, optionally save to database
			\|-
			\| <code>fix_garbled_text</code> \|\| One-time cleanup of control-character artifacts in existing recipes
	\|-		\|-
	\| <code>fetch_nyt_inspiration</code> \|\| Download NYT front page and fetch RSS articles; manage variation state		\| <code>fetch_nyt_inspiration</code> \|\| Download NYT front page and fetch RSS articles; manage variation state